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Though the Indian slave trade ended the practice of enslaving Native Americans continued, records from June 28, 1771 show Native American children were kept as slaves in Long Island, New York. [26] Native Americans had also married while enslaved creating families both native and some of partial African descent. [ 36 ]
Non-indigenous slaves and Native Americans have interacted for centuries. The earliest record of Native American and African contact occurred in April 1502, when Spanish colonists transported the first Africans to Hispaniola to be held and work in slavery; [15] records of Indian enslavement of Europeans begin in 1528. [16]
By 1715 the Native American slave population in the Carolina colony was estimated at 1,850. [11] Prior to 1720, when it ended the Native American slave trade, Carolina exported as many or more Native American slaves than it imported Africans. [3] [4] [5] This trade system involved the Westo tribe, who had previously come down from further north.
This colony did not survive, so it is not clear if it exported any slaves. Native Americans were enslaved by the Spanish in Florida under the encomienda system. [10] [11] New England and the Carolinas captured Native Americans in wars and distributed them as slaves. [12] Native Americans captured and enslaved some early European explorers and ...
The historian Ira Berlin called this forced migration of slaves the "Second Middle Passage" because it reproduced many of the same horrors as the Middle Passage (the name given to the transportation of slaves from Africa to North America). These sales of slaves broke up many families and caused much hardship.
[120] When colonial officials asked the Native Americans to return the fugitive slaves, they replied that they had "merely given hungry people food, and invited the slaveholders to catch the runaways themselves". [120] After the American Revolutionary War, slaves from the state of Georgia and the Low Country of South Carolina also
Many of the Indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast, such as the Haida and Tlingit, were traditionally known as fierce warriors and slave-traders, raiding as far south as California. [2] [3] [4] Slavery was hereditary, the slaves being prisoners of war. Their targets often included members of the Coast Salish groups. Among some tribes ...
Slavery was practiced among all classes. slaves were owned by upper and middle classes, by the poor, and even by other slaves. [ 122 ] From São Paulo , the Bandeirantes , adventurers mostly of mixed Portuguese and native ancestry, penetrated steadily westward in their search for Indians to enslave.