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Nitric acid is an inorganic compound with the formula H N O 3. It is a highly corrosive mineral acid. [6] The compound is colorless, but samples tend to acquire a yellow cast over time due to decomposition into oxides of nitrogen. Most commercially available nitric acid has a concentration of 68% in water.
This page contains tables of azeotrope data for various binary and ternary mixtures of solvents. The data include the composition of a mixture by weight (in binary azeotropes, when only one fraction is given, it is the fraction of the second component), the boiling point (b.p.) of a component, the boiling point of a mixture, and the specific gravity of the mixture.
For example, copper is a rather unreactive metal, and has no reaction with concentrated hydrochloric acid. However, even dilute nitric acid can oxidize copper to Cu 2+ ions, with the nitrate ions acting as the effective oxidant: [1] 3 Cu + 8 HNO 3 → 3 Cu 2+ + 2 NO + 4 H 2 O + 6 NO − 3. Sometimes the concentration of the acid is a factor for ...
Upon mixing of concentrated hydrochloric acid and concentrated nitric acid, chemical reactions occur. These reactions result in the volatile products nitrosyl chloride and chlorine gas: HNO 3 + 3 HCl → NOCl + Cl 2 + 2 H 2 O. as evidenced by the fuming nature and characteristic yellow color of aqua regia.
In the United States of America, over seven million tonnes of nitric acid are produced every year, most of which is used for nitrate production for fertilisers and explosives, among other uses. Anhydrous nitric acid may be made by distilling concentrated nitric acid with phosphorus pentoxide at low pressure in glass apparatus in the dark.
Sulfur dioxide from 40% solution of sodium metabisulfite and concentrated sulfuric acid; Nitric oxide from ferrous chloride in hydrochloric acid and 20% solution of sodium nitrite; Dinitrogen trioxide, aka nitrous anhydride, from 20% solution of sodium nitrite and concentrated sulfuric acid; Carbon monoxide, from concentrated formic acid and ...
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Solutions of dinitrogen pentoxide in nitric acid can be seen as nitric acid with more than 100% concentration. The phase diagram of the system H 2 O − N 2 O 5 shows the well-known negative azeotrope at 60% N 2 O 5 (that is, 70% HNO 3), a positive azeotrope at 85.7% N 2 O 5 (100% HNO 3), and another negative one at 87.5% N 2 O 5 ("102% HNO 3 ...