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Novaya Zemlya is an extension of the northern part of the Ural Mountains, [39] and the interior is mountainous throughout. [5] It is separated from the mainland by the Kara Strait. [5] Novaya Zemlya consists of two major islands, separated by the narrow Matochkin Strait, as well as a number of smaller islands. The two main islands are:
A 2015 expedition measuring the glaciers of Novaya Zemlya reported 65–130 times more radioactivity than the background in neighboring areas, due to nuclear testing, including Tsar Bomba. [ 63 ] Andrei Sakharov was one of the most prominent speakers against nuclear proliferation.
Sukhoy Nos was a site of nuclear testing for the former USSR, being the third and the northernmost detonating site of three on the Novaya Zemlya archipelago (designated "Zone C"). It was used between 1958 and 1961 and in October 1961 was the site of the record-breaking 50-megaton hydrogen bomb, known as Tsar Bomba. [3]
The hydrogen bomb, which carried the force of 50 million tons of conventional explosives, was detonated in a test in October 1961, 4,000 meters over the remote Novaya Zemlya archipelago above the ...
The village was located 55 kilometres (34 miles) from ground zero within the Sukhoy Nos test range. Tsar Bomba was the most powerful nuclear weapon detonated and was the most powerful anthropogenic explosion in human history. It had a yield of 50 megatons of TNT, scaled down from its maximum 100 megaton design yield. [8]
Satellite images obtained by CNN showed that there has been extensive construction at the Novaya Zemlya test site from 2021 to 2023, with ships and new shipping containers arriving at its port ...
The southern end of Novaya Zemlya has been the location for a number of underwater, tower and rocket drop tests of nuclear weapons. Rogachevo Air Base is also located in the area, the launch area for several of nuclear armed missiles targeted north on Sukhoy Nos. B: Matochin Shar (Matochin Strait)
Russia has reportedly used the Arctic Novaya Zemlya archipelago where the Soviet Union last tested a nuclear weapon to build facilities for testing the Burevestnik.