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Maria Tecla Artemisia Montessori (/ ˌ m ɒ n t ɪ ˈ s ɔːr i / MON-tiss-OR-ee, Italian: [maˈriːa montesˈsɔːri]; 31 August 1870 – 6 May 1952) was an Italian physician and educator best known for her philosophy of education (the Montessori method) and her writing on scientific pedagogy. At an early age, Montessori enrolled in classes at ...
The method was started in the early 20th century by Italian physician Maria Montessori, who developed her theories through scientific experimentation with her students. [5] the method has since been used in many parts of the world, in public and private schools. [6] A range of practices exist under the name "Montessori", which is not trademarked.
Montessory's theory and methods were developed on the basis of the work carried out by previous pedagogists. Undoubtedly, Maria Montessori is credited as the inventory of the method that "freed" the child, released its creativity and that were more effective than the repressive methods then in use.
The learning theories of John Dewey, Maria Montessori, and David A. Kolb serve as the foundation of the application of constructivist learning theory in the classroom. [40] Constructivism has many varieties such as active learning , discovery learning , and knowledge building , but all versions promote a student's free exploration within a ...
The Montessori method arose from Dr. Maria Montessori's discovery of what she referred to as "the child's true normal nature" in 1907, [99] which happened in the process of her experimental observation of young children given freedom in an environment prepared with materials designed for their self-directed learning activity. [100]
The development of constructivist models of teaching are specifically attributed to the works of Maria Montessori, which were further developed by more recent by theorists such as David A. Kolb, and Ronald Fry, among others. [4] These theorists have proposed sensory and activity-based learning methods.
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Maria Montessori (b.1871) described a number of stages in her educational philosophy. Albert Bandura (b.1925), in his social learning theory , emphasizes the child's experiential learning from the environment.