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Wave power is the capture of energy of wind waves to do useful work – for example, electricity generation, desalination, or pumping water. A machine that exploits wave power is a wave energy converter (WEC). Waves are generated primarily by wind passing over the sea's surface and also by tidal forces, temperature variations, and other factors.
Agucadoura Wave Farm in Portugal. The following page lists most power stations that run on wave power, however there are not many operational at present as wave energy is still a nascent technology. A longer list of proposed and prototype wave power devices is given on List of wave power projects.
Breakwaters are man made walls (built offshore) which block the coastline from wave activity (often used around harbors). [9] Each turbine has its own collecting chamber and the chambers measure 4.5m wide, 3.1m deep and 10m high. This was the first instance of multiple turbines being used in one plant. [10]
The Lysekil project is an ongoing wave power project which is run by the Centre for Renewable Electric Energy Conversion at Uppsala University in Sweden. It is located to the south of Lysekil, Västra Götaland County, on the west coast approximately 100 km (62 mi) north of Gothenburg.
Pelamis Wave Power tested their first full-scale prototype at the Billia Croo wave test site at the European Marine Energy Centre (EMEC) in Orkney, Scotland between 2004 and 2007. The machine, which was rated at 750 kW, was the world's first offshore wave power machine to generate electricity into the grid system.
Islay LIMPET (Land Installed Marine Power Energy Transmitter) was the world's first commercial wave power device and was connected to the United Kingdom's National Grid, in November 2000. [2] The device was initially rated at 500 kW, but this was later downrated to 250 kW. The device was eventually decommissioned in 2011. [3]
The movement of water in the world's oceans stores vast amounts of kinetic energy, which can be converted into electricity to power homes, transportation, and industries. Marine energy includes wave power, which is derived from surface waves, and tidal power, which is obtained from the kinetic energy of moving water.
Since the wave power in the equatorial region where this device was tested was low about 13 kW/m, the choice was for a multi-functional breakwater unit that could provide a safe harbor for fishing vessels and produce power more economically by sharing the costs of the structure. Electric power pumped to the grid was demonstrated. [26]