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This timeline of Islamic history relates the Gregorian and Islamic calendars in the history of Islam. This timeline starts with the lifetime of Muhammad, which is believed by non-Muslims to be when Islam started, [1] though not by Muslims. [2] [3] [4]
After that Muslim dynasties rose; some of these dynasties established notable and prominent Muslim empires, such as the Umayyad Empire and later the Abbasid Empire, [1] [2] Ottoman Empire centered around Anatolia, the Safavid Empire of Persia, and the Mughal Empire in India. [citation needed]
The history of Islam is believed by most historians [1] to have originated with Muhammad's mission in Mecca and Medina at the start of the 7th century CE, [2] [3] although Muslims regard this time as a return to the original faith passed down by the Abrahamic prophets, such as Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses, David, Solomon, and Jesus, with the submission (Islām) to the will of God.
In the Tughluq Empire, Muhammad Tughluq dies and Firuz Shah Tughluq assumes power. 1352: The Marinids again capture Algeria. Abu Said Othman is taken captive and killed. 1353: The Ilkhanate ends. The Ottoman Empire acquires the fortress of Tympa on the European side of the Hollespoint. The Muzaffarids conquer Shiraz and establish their capital ...
A third son, al-Qasim, is added as third heir, and receives responsibility over the frontier areas with the Byzantine empire. 803: Downfall of the Barmakids. Execution of Ja'far ibn Yahya. Marriage of caliph Harun al-Rashid and Umm Muhammad bint Salih. 805: Outbreak of revolt of Rafi ibn al-Layth in Khurasan.
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 26 January 2025. Expansion of the Islamic state (622–750) For later military territorial expansion of Islamic states, see Spread of Islam. Early Muslim conquests Expansion under Muhammad, 622–632 Expansion under the Rashidun Caliphate, 632–661 Expansion under the Umayyad Caliphate, 661–750 Date ...
613: Invitation of the close families of Muhammad to Islam; 613: Declaration at Mount Safa inviting the general public to Islam; 614: Birth of Aisha, Daughter of first caliph Abu Bakr and youngest wife of Muhammad. 614: Persecution of the Muslims by the Quraish. A party of Muslims migrates to Abyssinia. 615: Acceptance of Islam by Hamza and Umar
998–1030: Mahmud of Ghazni persuades mass conversions to Islam in present-day Afghanistan. Many Hindus and Buddhists are persuade in various ways into converting under his rule. Many Hindus and Buddhists are persuade in various ways into converting under his rule.