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  2. Chronic venous insufficiency - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronic_venous_insufficiency

    Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is a medical condition characterized by blood pooling in the veins, leading to increased pressure and strain on the vein walls. [1] The most common cause of CVI is superficial venous reflux, which often results in the formation of varicose veins, a treatable condition. [2]

  3. Compliance (physiology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compliance_(physiology)

    Veins have a much higher compliance than arteries (largely due to their thinner walls.) Veins which are abnormally compliant can be associated with edema. Pressure stockings are sometimes used to externally reduce compliance, and thus keep blood from pooling in the legs.

  4. Ultrasonography of chronic venous insufficiency of the legs

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultrasonography_of_chronic...

    On releasing the pressure, if the valves are incompetent the flow will appear as a retrograde flow or reflux, greater than 0.5 sec. [2] Paraná maneuver: checking perforators Testing sapheno-popliteal junction with Paraná maneuver. The Paraná maneuver makes use of a proprioceptive reflex to test venous

  5. Complications of prolonged standing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complications_of_prolonged...

    Varicose veins are veins that have become enlarged and twisted, especially within the legs, ankles and feet of an affected individual. [4] When standing, gravity pulls the blood downwards to the lower part of the body. Body mechanisms, such as vasoconstriction and valves of the veins, assist in pumping blood upwards. [5]

  6. Perforator vein - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perforator_vein

    Diagram showing named veins. Perforator veins exist along the length of the lower limb, in greater number in the leg (anatomical ref to below knee) than in the thigh. Some veins are named after the physician who first described them: Dodd's perforator at the inferior 1/3 of the thigh; Boyd's perforator at the knee level

  7. Skeletal muscle pump - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skeletal_muscle_pump

    Between muscle relaxations, intramuscular pressure transiently returns to a level below the venous blood pressure. This allows blood from the capillary system to refill the veins until the next contraction. It is postulated that this change in pressure may be great enough to draw blood from the arterial side to the venous side. It is ...

  8. Venous ulcer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venous_ulcer

    [1] Venous ulcers are wounds that are thought to occur due to improper functioning of venous valves, usually of the legs (hence leg ulcers). [2]: 846 They are an important cause of chronic wounds, affecting 1% of the population. [3] Venous ulcers develop mostly along the medial distal leg, and can be painful with negative effects on quality of ...

  9. Edema - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edema

    Lack of exercise is another common cause of water retention in the legs. Exercise helps the leg veins work against gravity to return blood to the heart. If blood travels too slowly and starts to pool in the leg veins, the pressure can force too much fluid out of the leg capillaries into the tissue spaces.