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Over-reliance on Indirect Taxes: Pakistan’s tax system is heavily dependent on indirect taxes, such as sales tax, which are regressive and disproportionately affect low-income individuals. Corruption : According to a 2002 study, 99% of 256 respondents reported facing corruption with regard to taxation.
Terms include free port (porto Franco), free zone (zona franca), bonded area (US: foreign-trade zone), free economic zone, free-trade zone, export processing zone and maquiladora. Most commonly a free port is a special customs area or small customs territory with generally less strict customs regulations (or no customs duties or controls for ...
Free-trade zones can also be defined as labor-intensive manufacturing centers that involve the import of raw materials or components and the export of factory products, but this is a dated definition as more and more free-trade zones focus on service industries such as software, back-office operations, research, and financial services.
Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in Pakistan are areas designated by the government of Pakistan to promote industrial growth and attract investment. In Pakistan, the SEZ Act was established on 13 September 2012, alongside the subsequent notification of SEZ Rules within the same year.
A bilateral free trade agreement is between two sides, where each side could be a country (or other customs territory), a trade bloc or an informal group of countries, and creates a free trade area.
The CTG is a part of the Ministry of Commerce. They lead foreign trade negotiations with different countries to secure trade deals. Pakistan has successfully negotiated three Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) with Sri Lanka, China, and Malaysia, as well as three Preferential Trade Agreements (PTAs) with Iran, Mauritius, and Indonesia.
Arshiya International Ltd, India's first Free Trade and Warehousing Zone [20] The largest multi-product free-trade and warehousing infrastructure in India. Arshiya's first 165-acre FTWZ is operational in Panvel, Mumbai, and is to be followed by one in Khurja near Delhi.
Ottoman free trade policies were praised by British economists advocating free trade such as J. R. McCulloch in his Dictionary of Commerce (1834), but criticized by British politicians opposing free trade such as Prime Minister Benjamin Disraeli, who cited the Ottoman Empire as "an instance of the injury done by unrestrained competition" in the ...