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  2. Sodium acetate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_acetate

    This is the reaction taking place in the well-known "volcano" that occurs when the household products, baking soda and vinegar, are combined. CH 3 COOH + NaHCO 3 → CH 3 COONa + H 2 CO 3 H 2 CO 3 → CO 2 + H 2 O. Industrially, sodium acetate trihydrate is prepared by reacting acetic acid with sodium hydroxide using water as the solvent. CH 3 ...

  3. Acetic acid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetic_acid

    acetyl chloride SOCl 2 acetic acid (i) Li[AlH 4], ether (ii) H 3 O + ethanol Two typical organic reactions of acetic acid Acetic acid undergoes the typical chemical reactions of a carboxylic acid. Upon treatment with a standard base, it converts to metal acetate and water. With strong bases (e.g., organolithium reagents), it can be doubly deprotonated to give LiCH 2 COOLi. Reduction of acetic ...

  4. Dess–Martin oxidation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dess–Martin_oxidation

    The reaction uses a hypervalent iodine reagent [2] similar to 2-iodoxybenzoic acid to selectively and mildly oxidize alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. The reaction is commonly conducted in chlorinated solvents such as dichloromethane or chloroform. [2] The reaction can be done at room temperature and is quickly complete.

  5. Stoichiometry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoichiometry

    If a reaction network has n reactions and m participating molecular species, then the stoichiometry matrix will have correspondingly m rows and n columns. For example, consider the system of reactions shown below: S 1 → S 2 5 S 3 + S 2 → 4 S 3 + 2 S 2 S 3 → S 4 S 4 → S 5. This system comprises four reactions and five different molecular ...

  6. Carbonyl oxidation with hypervalent iodine reagents - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonyl_oxidation_with...

    The mechanism of carbonyl oxidation by iodine(III) reagents varies as a function of substrate structure and reaction conditions, but some generalizations are possible. Under basic conditions, the active iodinating species are iodine(III) compounds in which any relatively acidic ligands on iodine (such as acetate) have been replaced by alkoxide. [1]

  7. Alkoxylation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkoxylation

    Alkoxylation is a chemical reaction that involves the addition of an epoxide to another compound. The usual manifestation of this reaction is ethoxylation of alcohols (ROH), in which case ethylene oxide is the alkoxylating agent: ROH + C 2 H 4 O → ROCH 2 CH 2 OH. Another industrially significant epoxide is propylene oxide (PO, OCH 2 CHCH 3 ...

  8. Alkynylation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkynylation

    In organic chemistry, alkynylation is an addition reaction in which a terminal alkyne (−C≡CH) is added to a carbonyl group (C=O) to form an α-alkynyl alcohol (R 2 C(−OH)−C≡C−R). [1] [2] When the acetylide is formed from acetylene (HC≡CH), the reaction gives an α-ethynyl alcohol. This process is often referred to as ethynylation.

  9. Koch reaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koch_reaction

    The Koch reaction is an organic reaction for the synthesis of tertiary carboxylic acids from alcohols or alkenes and carbon monoxide. Some commonly industrially produced Koch acids include pivalic acid , 2,2-dimethylbutyric acid and 2,2-dimethylpentanoic acid. [ 1 ]