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Horizontal conflict occurs among firms at the same level of the channel. For example, two franchises who open two restaurants across the street from each other would be in a horizontal conflict or when one firm in a distribution channel offers lower prices than the members of the distribution channel and therefore attract more customers.
Other methods used to set advertising and promotional budgets include the market share method, unit sales method, all available funds method, affordable method, marginal analysis and others. Contemporary budgeting rarely relies on a single method, but instead uses a combination of methods to guide the marketer in determining the optimal ...
Marketing mix modeling (MMM) is an analytical approach that uses historic information to quantify impact of marketing activities on sales. Example information that can be used are syndicated point-of-sale data (aggregated collection of product retail sales activity across a chosen set of parameters, like category of product or geographic market) and companies’ internal data.
It is the way products get to the end-user, the consumer; and is also known as a distribution channel. [1] A marketing channel is a useful tool for management, [2] and is crucial to creating an effective and well-planned marketing strategy. [3] Another less known form of the marketing channel is the Dual Distribution [4] channel.
Market segmentation is the process of dividing mass markets into groups with similar needs and wants. [2] The rationale for market segmentation is that in order to achieve competitive advantage and superior performance, firms should: "(1) identify segments of industry demand, (2) target specific segments of demand, and (3) develop specific 'marketing mixes' for each targeted market segment ...
For example, in the UK, BARB defines the reach of a television channel as the percentage of the population in private households who view a channel for more than 3 minutes in a given day or week. [2] Similarly, for radio, RAJAR defines the weekly reach of a radio station as the number of people who tune into a radio station for at least 5 ...
Gross rating points are a measure of the impact by a campaign using a specific medium or schedule. It quantifies impressions as a percentage of the target population, multiplied by frequency.
Cannibalization is an important issue in marketing strategy when an organization aims to carry out brand extension.Normally, when a brand extension is carried out from one sub-category (e.g. Marlboro) to another sub-category (e.g. Marlboro Light), there is an eventuality of a part of the former's sales being taken away by the latter.