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  2. Just and Unjust Wars - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Just_and_Unjust_Wars

    Just and Unjust Wars: A Moral Argument with Historical Illustrations is a 1977 book by the philosopher Michael Walzer. Published by Basic Books, it is still in print, now as part of the Basic Books Classics Series. A second edition was published in 1992, a third edition in 2000, a fourth edition in 2006, and a fifth edition in 2015.

  3. A Few Words on Non-Intervention - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Few_Words_on_Non...

    John Stuart Mill (1859) A Few Words on Non-Intervention at the Online Library of Liberty "A Few Words on Non-Intervention Archived 22 February 2012 at the Wayback Machine" from Foreign Policy Perspectives No. 8 ISSN 0267-6761 ISBN 0-948317-96-5 (An occasional publication of the Libertarian Alliance, 25 Chapter Chambers, Esterbrooke Street, London SW1P 4NN.)

  4. Evidentialism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evidentialism

    Evidentialism is, therefore, a thesis about which beliefs are justified and which are not. For philosophers Richard Feldman and Earl Conee , evidentialism is the strongest argument for justification because it identifies the primary notion of epistemic justification.

  5. Defeasible reasoning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Defeasible_reasoning

    Defeasibility is found in literatures that are concerned with argument and the process of argument, or heuristic reasoning. Defeasible reasoning is a particular kind of non-demonstrative reasoning , where the reasoning does not produce a full, complete, or final demonstration of a claim, i.e., where fallibility and corrigibility of a conclusion ...

  6. Justifiable homicide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Justifiable_homicide

    Justifiable homicide applies to the blameless killing of a person, such as in self-defense. [1]The term "legal intervention" is a classification incorporated into the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, and does not denote the lawfulness or legality of the circumstances surrounding a death caused by law enforcement. [2]

  7. Justification and excuse - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Justification_and_excuse

    Justification and excuse are different defenses in a United States criminal case. [1]: 513 Both defenses admit that the defendant committed an act proscribed by law.[1]: 513 The proscribed act has justification if the act had positive effects that outweigh its negative effects, or is not wrong or blameworthy.

  8. Necessity in English criminal law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Necessity_in_English...

    Necessity would not usually be allowed as a defence to murder, but Brooke LJ. distinguished Dudley & Stephens on the basis that the doctors were not selecting the victim unlike the cabin boy in Dudley. The decision is restricted to cases of medical necessity and a conflict of duty owed both by doctors to different patients and by parents to ...

  9. Bertrand Russell - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bertrand_Russell

    He was a prominent campaigner against Western intervention into the Vietnam War in the 1960s, writing essays and books, attending demonstrations, and even organising the Russell Tribunal in 1966 alongside other prominent philosophers such as Jean-Paul Sartre and Simone de Beauvoir, which fed into his 1967 book War Crimes in Vietnam.