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A prolactinoma is a tumor of the pituitary gland that produces the hormone prolactin. It is the most common type of functioning pituitary tumor . [ 1 ] Symptoms of prolactinoma are due to abnormally high levels of prolactin in the blood ( hyperprolactinemia ), or due to pressure of the tumor on surrounding brain tissue and/or the optic nerves .
A blood serum prolactin level of 1000–5000 mIU/L (47–235 ng/mL) may arise from either mechanism, however levels >5000 mIU/L (>235 ng/mL) is likely due to the activity of an adenoma. Prolactin blood levels are typically correlated to the size of the tumors. Pituitary tumors smaller than 10 mm in diameter, or microadenomas, tend to have ...
A mammogram (an X-ray of the breast) or an ultrasound scan (using high frequency sound waves) might be used to determine if there are any tumors or cysts present in the breasts themselves. If a tumor of the pituitary gland is suspected, a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan can locate tumors or abnormalities in tissues. [2]
Hyperpituitarism is a condition due to the primary hypersecretion of pituitary hormones; [3] [medical citation needed] it typically results from a pituitary adenoma.In children with hyperpituitarism, disruption of growth regulation is rare, either because of hormone hypersecretion or because of manifestations caused by local compression of the adenoma.
Prolactin cells are acidophilic by hematoxylin & eosin stains and, If these cells undergo neoplastic transformation, they will give rise to a prolactinoma, a prolactin-secreting pituitary adenoma. [3] Prolactinoma is a tumor of the pituitary gland that is typically non-cancerous. This disorder is more common in females than males. Although the ...
One cause of pituitary growth associated with the risk of Sheehan's syndrome is the hyperplasia of lactotrophs which produce prolactin, the hormone responsible for milk production. [5] Other hormone-secreting cells of the pituitary undergo rapid growth in pregnant women as well, which contribute to the gland's enlargement. [10]
Pituitary adenomas are tumors that occur in the pituitary gland. Most pituitary tumors are benign, approximately 35% are invasive and just 0.1% to 0.2% are carcinomas. [1] Pituitary adenomas represent from 10% to 25% of all intracranial neoplasms, with an estimated prevalence rate in the general population of approximately 17%. [1] [2]
Prolactin (PRL), also known as lactotropin and mammotropin, is a protein best known for its role in enabling mammals to produce milk. It is influential in over 300 separate processes in various vertebrates, including humans. [5] Prolactin is secreted from the pituitary gland in response to eating, mating, estrogen treatment, ovulation and ...