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The catty or kati is a traditional Chinese unit of mass used across East and Southeast Asia, notably for weighing food and other groceries. Related units include the picul, equal to 100 catties, and the tael, which is 1 ⁄ 16 of a catty. A stone is a former unit used in Hong Kong equal to 120 catties and a gwan (鈞) is 30 catties.
The Chinese word for metre is 米 mǐ; this can take the Chinese standard SI prefixes (for "kilo-", "centi-", etc.). A kilometre, however, may also be called 公里 gōnglǐ, i.e. a metric lǐ. In the engineering field, traditional units are rounded up to metric units. For example, the Chinese word 絲 (T) or 丝 (S) sī is used to express 0.01 mm.
The local tael took precedence over any central measure. Thus, the Canton tael weighed 37.5 grams (1.21 ozt), the Convention or Shanghai tael was 33.9 grams (1.09 ozt), and the Haiguan (海關; hǎiguān; 'customs') tael 37.8 grams (1.22 ozt). The conversion rates between various common taels were well known.
Similarly, Singapore law stipulates that one jin, or "catty", is also equal to 1 1⁄3 pounds, which is equal to sixteen liangs (or "taels") or 0.6048 kilograms. [7] Malaysia has the same regulations as it is a former British colony. The word "catty" comes from Malay kati, meaning "the weight".
Table of equivalences Unit Imperial gallon Millilitres kepul: 1 ⁄ 16 284.130625 leng: 1 ⁄ 8 568.26125 cupak: 1 ⁄ 4 1136.5225 gantang: 1 4546.09 sukat: 4 18184.36 nalih: 16 72737.44 kunca: 160 727374.4 Note: The millilitre equivalences are exact.
One pikol (or one pecul) was equal to 61.761 3025 kg by its legal definition. [2] Some other units and their legal equivalents are given below: 1 thail = 1 ⁄ 1600 pikol 1 catti = 1 ⁄ 100 pikol 1 kabi = 1 ⁄ 100 pikol 1 kulack = 0.0725 pikol 1 amat = 2 pikol 1 small bahar = 3 pikol 1 large bahar = 4.5 pikol 1 timbang = 5 pikol
Like other similar measures such as tael and catty, the English word "mace" derives from Malay, in this case through Dutch maes, plural masen, from Malay mas which, in turn, derived from Sanskrit māṣa (माष), a word related to "mash," another name for the urad bean, and masha, a traditional Indian unit of weight equal to 0.97 gram. [5]
1.0 short cwt (100 lb; 45 kg) long quarter: long qtr long qtr 1.0 long qtr (28 lb; 13 kg) short quarter: short qtr short qtr 1.0 short qtr (25 lb; 11 kg) stone: st st 14 lb used mostly in the British Commonwealth except Canada 1.0 st (14 lb; 6.4 kg) st kg. st kg lb; st lb. st lb kg; pound: lb lb 1.0 lb (0.45 kg) lb kg. lb kg st; lb st. lb st kg ...