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  2. Soil-plant-atmosphere continuum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil-plant-atmosphere...

    The soil-plant-atmosphere continuum (SPAC) is the pathway for water moving from soil through plants to the atmosphere. Continuum in the description highlights the continuous nature of water connection through the pathway. The low water potential of the atmosphere, and relatively higher (i.e. less negative) water potential inside leaves, leads ...

  3. Groundwater flow equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groundwater_flow_equation

    Used in hydrogeology, the groundwater flow equation is the mathematical relationship which is used to describe the flow of groundwater through an aquifer.The transient flow of groundwater is described by a form of the diffusion equation, similar to that used in heat transfer to describe the flow of heat in a solid (heat conduction).

  4. Hydrological model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrological_model

    A hydrologic model is a simplification of a real-world system (e.g., surface water, soil water, wetland, groundwater, estuary) that aids in understanding, predicting, and managing water resources. Both the flow and quality of water are commonly studied using hydrologic models.

  5. Hydrological transport model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrological_transport_model

    An hydrological transport model is a mathematical model used to simulate the flow of rivers, streams, groundwater movement or drainage front displacement, and calculate water quality parameters. These models generally came into use in the 1960s and 1970s when demand for numerical forecasting of water quality and drainage was driven by ...

  6. Atmospheric model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmospheric_model

    It can supplement these equations with parameterizations for turbulent diffusion, radiation, moist processes (clouds and precipitation), heat exchange, soil, vegetation, surface water, the kinematic effects of terrain, and convection. Most atmospheric models are numerical, i.e. they discretize equations of motion.

  7. Water retention curve - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_retention_curve

    Water retention curve is the relationship between the water content, θ, and the soil water potential, ψ. The soil moisture curve is characteristic for different types of soil, and is also called the soil moisture characteristic. It is used to predict the soil water storage, water supply to the plants (field capacity) and soil aggregate stability.

  8. Groundwater model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groundwater_model

    An example of a non-discretized radial model is the description of groundwater flow moving radially towards a deep well in a network of wells from which water is abstracted. [7] The radial flow passes through a vertical, cylindrical, cross-section representing the hydraulic equipotential of which the surface diminishes in the direction of the ...

  9. List of atmospheric dispersion models - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_atmospheric...

    ADMS-5 – See the description of this model in the alternative models section of the models accepted by the U.S. EPA. ADMS-URBAN – A model for simulating dispersion on scales ranging from a street scale to citywide or county-wide scale, handling most relevant emission sources such as traffic, industrial, commercial, and domestic sources.