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My soul was stained. I was ashamed of myself. Ashamed being Romanian, like criminals of the Iron Guard. [14] During the pogrom 125 Bucharest Jews were murdered: 120 bodies were eventually counted, and five never found. Other Jews, not from the Bucharest community, who happened to be in Bucharest at the time, may have also been killed.
The Iron Guard (Romanian: Garda de Fier) was a Romanian militant revolutionary religious fascist movement and political party founded in 1927 by Corneliu Zelea Codreanu as the Legion of the Archangel Michael (Legiunea Arhanghelul Mihail) or the Legionary Movement (Mișcarea Legionară). [36]
Students from several Bucharest secondary schools were required to visit the site (based on the belief that would dissuade them from affiliating with the Guard). [22] Mass executions of known Iron Guard activists were ordered in various places in the country (some were hanged on telegraph poles, while a group of Legionnaires was shot in front ...
Although hostile to the Guard's new leader, Horia Sima, [4] [5] he became involved in the January 1941 confrontation between Sima's Legionnaires and Ion Antonescu.In early 1941, the conflict for power turned into an Iron Guard-led failed rebellion and a pogrom against the Jewish population in Bucharest where over one hundred Jews and Romanians were massacred.
The Corps, coinciding with a peak in Iron Guard popularity and influence, [3] [5] as well as with the apex of interwar industrialization in Romania, [3] signified a major shift in regard to recruitment policies. [3] [5] Before the period of persecution and Codreanu's killing (November 1938), it swelled in numbers.
The Jilava massacre [1] took place during the night of November 26, 1940, at Jilava Prison, near Bucharest, Romania.Sixty-four political detainees were killed by the Iron Guard (Legion), with further high-profile assassinations in the immediate aftermath.
Students from several Bucharest secondary schools were required to visit the site (based on the belief that would dissuade them from affiliating with the Guard). [42] Executions of known Iron Guard activists were ordered in various places in the country (some were hanged on telegraph poles, while a group of Legionnaires was shot in front of Ion ...
Nicolae Constantinescu, who fired the four fatal shots, was a student at the Commerce Academy in Bucharest. Ion Caranica [bg; ro], an Aromanian, was born in 1903 in Veria. He studied commerce in Thessaloniki and then Bucharest. He joined the Iron Guard in 1930, and fought for Aromanian rights.