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Aira caldera is located at Kyushu, the southernmost island of Japan. The supervolcano peaks at 1117 m. [6]The eruption forming the Aira Caldera, occurred approximately 30,000 years ago, and resulted in tephra and ignimbrite from a vast amount of magma affecting the nearby land.
A major three phase eruption of the Aira Caldera formed in the first phase the Osumi pumice fall, had a second phase Tsumaya pyroclastic flow and in the third Ito eruption phase produced the widely distributed Aira-Tn tephra that has been dated at 29,428 to 30,148 years calibrated before present.
Though such enormous eruptions are extremely infrequent, both volcanoes have remained active with much smaller eruptions in historic times, with Sakurajima in the bay and the Kirishima Mountains north of the bay forming active vents associated with the Aira volcano magma sources, and the smaller 4000-year-old Ikeda Caldera with Mount Kaimon at ...
Clickable imagemap of notable volcanic eruptions. The apparent volume of each bubble is linearly proportional to the volume of tephra ejected, colour-coded by time of eruption as in the legend. Pink lines denote convergent boundaries , blue lines denote divergent boundaries and yellow spots denote hotspots .
A volcano that once existed in the northern part of Kagoshima Bay caused an eruption called the Great Aira Eruption about 25,000 years ago, forming the Aira Caldera. Aira City is located on the northwest side of this caldera, on the somma, and there is a stratum called Shirasu, which originated from pyroclastic flows that flowed out during a ...
Kilauea began erupting around 2:30 a.m. Monday morning local time at the base of the Halemaumau Crater within the summit caldera after elevated seismic activity was detected overnight.
A map of Sakurajima in 1902, showing it as a distinct island. Sakurajima is in the 25 km (15 mi)-wide Aira caldera, which formed in an enormous "blow-out-and-cave-in" eruption around 22,000 years ago. [8] Several hundred cubic kilometres of ash and pumice were ejected, causing the magma chamber underneath the erupting vents to collapse. The ...