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  2. Caral - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caral

    In America, it is the oldest of the pre-Hispanic civilizations, developing 1,500 years earlier than the Olmec civilization, the first Mesoamerican complex society. [4] Closely related to the city of Caral was an early fishing city, Áspero or El Áspero, located on the coast near the mouth of the Supe River. There, remains of human sacrifices ...

  3. Caral–Supe civilization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caral–Supe_civilization

    Caral–Supe sites are known for their density of large sites with immense architecture. [35] Haas argues that the density of sites in such a small area is globally unique for a nascent civilization. During the third millennium BC, Caral–Supe may have been the most densely populated area of the world (excepting, possibly, Northern China). [13]

  4. Huaricanga - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huaricanga

    Approximately 5000 years ago, the Norte Chico region gave rise to the first civilization in the Americas, also known as Caral-Supe or Caral. Ruth Shady, a Peruvian archeologist, first identified this as an independent civilization and has been writing about it since 1994. North American researchers have also joined in conducting archeological ...

  5. Andean civilizations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andean_civilizations

    Reconstruction of one of the pyramids of Aspero. After the first humans — who were then arranged into hunter-gatherer tribal groups — arrived in South America via the Isthmus of Panama, they spread out across the continent, with the earliest evidence for settlement in the Andean region dating to circa 15,000 BCE, in what archaeologists call the Lithic Period.

  6. History of Andean South America - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/.../History_of_Andean_South_America

    Caral-Supe civilization was the first civilization in pre-Columbian America, located in modern-day Peru, as well as one of world's oldest civilizations. It coalesced in 3500 BC, and large construction became apparent from 3100 BC. It lasted until 1800 BC. Among the largest cities were Caral and Aspero, the type site of civilization.

  7. History of South America - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_South_America

    The history of South America is the study of the past, particularly the written record, oral histories, ... Caral. On the north-western coast of present-day Peru, ...

  8. List of pre-Columbian cultures - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_pre-Columbian_cultures

    In North America, indigenous cultures in the Lower Mississippi Valley during the Middle Archaic period built complexes of multiple mounds, with several in Louisiana dated to 5600–5000 BP (3700 BC–3100 BC). Watson Brake is considered the oldest, multiple mound complex in the Americas, as it has been dated to 3500 BC. It and other Middle ...

  9. Andean preceramic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andean_preceramic

    Map of Caral/Norte Chico sites showing their locations in Peru. Caral/Norte Chico is one of the most notable and well-studied cultures in Peruvian archaeology. The most impressive achievement of this civilization was its monumental architecture, including large earthwork platform mounds and sunken circular plazas. Also, these preceramic peoples ...