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The virus has been identified in the pulmonary nodules of African elephants as far back as the 1970s. [8] The first recognised fatal case of EEHV in an Asian elephant was identified at the National Zoo in Washington, D.C., in 1995; [22] testing on stored tissue samples was able to identify a number of earlier deaths as being due to the same virus.
Causes include bacterial or viral infection, toxic insult, cancer, copper storage diseases, or it may be idiopathic. [182] Dental disease is very common. Calculus is the most obvious sign, but gingivitis progressing to periodontitis is what results in tooth loss. Treatment involves scaling and polishing of the teeth under general anesthesia and ...
Some dogs are able to successfully eliminate the disease during this time. In some dogs the third and most serious stage of infection, the chronic phase, will commence. Very low blood cell counts (pancytopenia), bleeding, bacterial infection, lameness, neurological and ophthalmic disorders, and kidney disease can result. Chronic ehrlichiosis ...
Suspected causes include abnormal responses to bacteria or bacterial endotoxin, or a hypersensitivity to food. [2] Pathologically there is an increase in the permeability of the intestinal lining and a leakage of blood and proteins into the bowel. Clostridium perfringens has been found in large numbers in the intestines of many affected dogs. [1]
E. canis is a small, coccus bacterium with a single circular chromosome.Minute in size, E. canis is smaller than the other species in the genus Ehrlichia. [8] [10]The cell walls of this organism lack peptidoglycans and lipopolysaccharides typically present in at least small amounts in most other Gram-negative bacteria, which is believed to contribute to its ability to resist the immune ...
Kennel cough is so named because the infection can spread quickly among dogs in the close quarters of a kennel or animal shelter. Viral and bacterial causes of canine cough are spread through airborne droplets produced by sneezing and coughing. These agents also spread through contact with contaminated surfaces.
Infection occurs through ingestion of food or water contaminated with eggs. Larvae hatch in the intestine and enter the lungs through the bloodstream. The prepatency is about 40 days. [31] In Germany, the prevalence of infection in domestic dogs was found to be 2.3%, [3] in Austria 0.2%, [4] in the Czech Republic 0.6%, [5] and in Canada 0.3%. [9]
Dog pox is an infection of canines which may be caused by the canine herpes virus, and can result in symptoms ranging from no symptoms to inflammation of the respiratory or digestive tract to skin inflammation and lesions. Over 60% of adult male dogs exhibit lesions as a result of this infection. [12]