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Shanidar Cave (Kurdish: ئەشکەوتی شانەدەر, romanized: Eşkewtî Şaneder, [1] [2] Arabic: كَهَف شانِدَر [3]) is an archaeological site on Bradost Mountain, within the Zagros Mountains in the Erbil Governorate of Kurdistan Region in northern Iraq. [4]
The Great Zab or Upper Zab (Arabic: الزَّاب الْكَبِيْر, romanized: ez-Zâb el-Kebîr; Kurdish: Zêy Badînan or Zêyê Mezin; Turkish: Zap; Syriac: ܙܒܐ ܥܠܝܐ, romanized: zāba ʻalya) is an approximately 400-kilometre (250 mi) long river flowing through Turkey and Iraq.
Bradost or Chia-y Bradost (Nawakhin), a mountain range over 5,000 feet above sea level and about 25 miles long, stretches northwest from the Rawanduz river opposite the town of Rawanduz in Erbil Governorate, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, to Rubari kuchuk, a tributary of the Great Zab.
Shanidar 2 and 4 are sometimes not treated as Neanderthals. All but Shanidar 3 and 10 (and fragments of 5 excavated in 2015-2016) [36] may have been destroyed in the 2003 invasion of Iraq. [40] Iran: Bawa Yawan: Lower left deciduous canine 1 ~43,600-~41,500 years ago [41] Heydari-Guran et al (2021) [41] Iran: Wezmeh: maxillary right premolar ...
English: Shanidar I's skull and skeleton; on the ventral surface of the right clavicle, someone wrote "Shanidar I". From Shanidar Cave, Erbil, Iraq. Circa 60,000 to 45,00o BCE. On display at the Pre-History Gallery of the Iraq Museum in Baghdad, Iraq.
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Seated parturient figurine from the Halaf period. Anatolia - 5th millennium BC. Walters Art Museum - Baltimore. The prehistory of Mesopotamia is the period between the Paleolithic and the emergence of writing in the area of the Fertile Crescent around the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, as well as surrounding areas such as the Zagros foothills, southeastern Anatolia, and northwestern Syria.
The culture was named and recognised of the cave of Zarzi in Iraqi Kurdistan. Here were found plenty of microliths (up to 20% finds). Their forms are short and asymmetric trapezoids, and triangles with hollows. Andy Burns states "The Zarzian of the Zagros region of Iran is contemporary with the Natufian but different from it.