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  2. Ortner's syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ortner's_syndrome

    Due to its low frequency of occurrence, more common causes of hoarseness should be considered when suspecting left recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy (LRLN).. When considering cardiovocal syndrome, the most common historical cause is a dilated left atrium due to mitral stenosis, but other causes, including pulmonary hypertension, [2] thoracic aortic aneurysms, an enlarged pulmonary artery [3] and ...

  3. Atrial septal defect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atrial_septal_defect

    Atrial septal defect (ASD) is a congenital heart defect in which blood flows between the atria (upper chambers) of the heart. Some flow is a normal condition both pre-birth and immediately post-birth via the foramen ovale ; however, when this does not naturally close after birth it is referred to as a patent (open) foramen ovale (PFO).

  4. Left atrial appendage occlusion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Left_atrial_appendage...

    The Amplatzer device from St. Jude Medical, used to close atrial septal defects, has also been used to occlude the left atrial appendage. [21] [22] This can be performed without general anaesthesia and without echocardiographic guidance. Transcatheter patch obliteration of the LAA has also been reported. [15]

  5. Eisenmenger syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eisenmenger_syndrome

    Eisenmenger syndrome or Eisenmenger's syndrome is defined as the process in which a long-standing left-to-right cardiac shunt caused by a congenital heart defect (typically by a ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect, or less commonly, patent ductus arteriosus) causes pulmonary hypertension [1] [2] and eventual reversal of the shunt into a cyanotic right-to-left shunt.

  6. Atrioventricular septal defect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atrioventricular_septal_defect

    Treatment Open heart surgery Atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD) or atrioventricular canal defect (AVCD), also known as " common atrioventricular canal " or " endocardial cushion defect " (ECD), is characterized by a deficiency of the atrioventricular septum of the heart that creates connections between all four of its chambers.

  7. Lutembacher's syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lutembacher's_syndrome

    If the patient has a large ASD, pulmonary congestion (blood or fluid buildup in the lungs) will happen later but if the patient has a small ASD, symptoms will appear early in the disorder. In general, unless the ASD and mitral stenosis causing Lutembacher's syndrome is severe, symptoms may not appear until the second and third decade of the ...

  8. Ventricular aneurysm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ventricular_aneurysm

    Ventricular aneurysms are one of the many complications that may occur after a heart attack. The word aneurysm refers to a bulge or 'pocketing' of the wall or lining of a vessel commonly occurring in the blood vessels at the base of the septum, or within the aorta.

  9. Ostium primum atrial septal defect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostium_primum_atrial...

    The ostium primum atrial septal defect is a defect in the atrial septum at the level of the tricuspid and mitral valves. This is sometimes known as an endocardial cushion defect because it often involves the endocardial cushion, which is the portion of the heart where the atrial septum meets the ventricular septum and the mitral valve meets the tricuspid valve.

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