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Fluctuations in the lemming population affect the behaviour of predators, and may fuel irruptions of birds of prey such as snowy owls to areas further south. [8] For many years, the population of lemmings was believed to change with the population cycle , but now some evidence suggests their predators' populations, particularly those of the ...
Genus Herpailurus – Saint-Hilaire, 1803 – one species Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population [a] Jaguarundi. H. yagouaroundi (Saint-Hilaire, 1803) Most of South and Central America: Size: 49–78 cm (19–31 in) long, 28–59 cm (11–23 in) tail [49]
Animal species that are endangered in the tundra include the Arctic fox, caribou, and polar bears. These animals have been endangered due to overhunting, an infestation of disease, loss of diet and habitat due to climate change, and human destructive activities, such as searches for natural gas and oil, mining, and road building. [10]
Tundra region with fjords, glaciers and mountains. Kongsfjorden, Spitsbergen. Tundra climates ordinarily fit the Köppen climate classification ET, signifying a local climate in which at least one month has an average temperature high enough to melt snow (0 °C (32 °F)), but no month with an average temperature in excess of 10 °C (50 °F). [29]
Arctic tundra is the northernmost (and coldest) of European habitats, in extreme northern Scandinavia, Svalbard archipelago, northernmost part of Russia. Some typical animals include reindeer, Arctic fox, brown bear, ermine, lemmings, partridges, snowy owl and many insects. Most tundra animals undergo hibernation during the colder season.
[7] [8] [161] One study estimated for the biomes of Alaska and Canada, mean prey sizes for snowy owls were 49.1 g (1.73 oz), in western North America, the mean prey size was 506 g (1.116 lb) and in eastern North America was 59.7 g (2.11 oz), while the mean prey size in northern Fennoscandia was similar (at 55.4 g (1.95 oz)).
The tundra wolf (Canis lupus albus), also known as the Turukhan wolf, [3] is a subspecies of grey wolf native to Eurasia's tundra and forest-tundra zones from Finland to the Kamchatka Peninsula. [3] It was first described in 1792 by Robert Kerr , who described it as living around the Yenisei , and of having a highly valued pelt.
Group attacks are particularly advantageous when prey live in concentrated groups, as hunters have a hard time tracking prey in territories outside the preferred habitat. Higher success in prey capture has been demonstrated in wild dogs, [ 8 ] bottlenose dolphins , and other cetaceans , [ 18 ] falcons, and fossa due to cooperative hunting.