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Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO; French: Pêches et Océans Canada, MPO) is a department of the Government of Canada that is responsible for developing and implementing policies and programs in support of Canada's economic, ecological and scientific interests in oceans and inland waters.
It came to fruition after Environment Canada developed a statement on wetlands issues in Canada in 1986 and early 1987. [1] The management and protection of wetlands in Canada was deemed a significant land use issue by the Federal-Provincial Committee on Land Use (FPCLU) which stemmed from Canada's involvement with the Ramsar Convention.
The mandate and management of Department of Fisheries and Oceans and its subsidiary agencies: The Freshwater Fish Marketing Corporation; The Atlantic Fisheries Licence Appeal Board; The Pacific Region Licence Appeal Board; Closed Containment Salmon Aquaculture; Snow Crab Industry in Atlantic Canada and Quebec
In 1973, the waters within 200 nautical miles, produced over 90% of the world's marine fish catches of 66 million metric tons, even if they only include 30% of the world's oceans and seas. [5] There are issues with how to manage straddling and migratory fish stocks which are vulnerable for high seas fisheries that operate outside the EEZ.
The Act, then known as An Act for the regulation of Fishing and the protection of Fisheries was passed into law on May 22, 1868, in the 1st Canadian Parliament. [2] The Act replaced An Act to amend Chapter 62 of the Consolidated Statutes of Canada, and to provide for the better regulation of Fishing and protection of Fisheries passed by the Province of Canada. [2]
[8] [9] The Journal of the Biological Board of Canada was preceded by Contributions to Canadian Biology and Fisheries. [10] William Edwin Ricker, a leading fisheries scientist, was the journal's editor-in-chief from 1950 until his retirement in 1973. [11] His famous paper 1954 paper Stock and recruitment was published in the journal. [12]
Environmental issues in Canada include impacts of climate change, air and water pollution, mining, logging, and the degradation of natural habitats.As one of the world's significant emitters of greenhouse gasses, [1] Canada has the potential to make contributions to curbing climate change with its environmental policies and conservation efforts.
In 1976, the Canadian government declared the right to manage the fisheries in an exclusive economic zone that extended to 200 nautical miles (370 km; 230 mi) offshore. The government wanted to reverse declining fish stocks by removing foreign fishing within the new inshore fishery boundaries. [ 12 ]