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The Oneida, along with the five other tribes of the Iroquois Confederacy, initially maintained a policy of neutrality in the American Revolution. This policy allowed the Confederacy increased leverage against both sides in the war, because they could threaten to join one side or the other in the event of any provocation.
The Oneida Indian Nation (OIN) or Oneida Nation (/ oʊ ˈ n aɪ d ə / oh-NY-də) [1] is a federally recognized tribe of Oneida people in the United States. The tribe is headquartered in Verona, New York , where the tribe originated and held territory prior to European colonialism, and continues to hold territory today.
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In January 2015, the United States' Federal Register issued an official list of 566 tribes that are Indian Entities Recognized and Eligible To Receive Services From the United States Bureau of Indian Affairs. [5] The number of tribes increased to 567 in July 2015 with the federal recognition of the Pamunkey tribe in Virginia. [6]
A 1785 census recorded 1,843 Natives living on the Grand River reserve, including 548 Mohawk, 281 Cayuga, 145 Onondaga, 262 Oneida, 109 Tuscarora, and 98 Seneca. There were also 400 persons from other tribes, including Lenape, and others from southern territory, such as the Nanticoke, Tutelo, and some Creek and Cherokee. [15]
The term "civilized tribes" was adopted to distinguish the Five Tribes from other Native American tribes that were described as "wild" or "savage". [11] [12] Texts written by non-indigenous scholars and writers have used words like "savage" and "wild" to identify Indian groups that retained their traditional cultural practices after European contact.
The Oneida Nation is a federally recognized tribe of Oneida people in Wisconsin. [1] The tribe's reservation spans parts of two counties west of the Green Bay metropolitan area . The reservation was established by treaty in 1838, and was allotted to individual New York Oneida tribal members as part of an agreement with the U.S. government.
The Oneida Nation of the Thames holds an annual Oneida Fair, the third weekend in the month of September. The Oneida Fair was once an occasion for the people to celebrate and compete in agricultural events and other competitions associated with their historical rural lifestyle. Today most Oneida people do not rely on an agricultural lifestyle.