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The route has been in use for millennia, as there are a limited number of viable routes through the high Pamir Mountains. The road formed one link of the ancient Silk Road trade route. M41 is the Soviet road number, but it only remains as an official designation in post-Soviet Uzbekistan, as confirmed by official decree. [2]
Pamir Highway. The Pamir Highway, the world's second highest international road, runs from Dushanbe in Tajikistan to Osh in Kyrgyzstan through the Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province, and is the isolated region's main supply route. The Great Silk Road crossed a number of Pamir Mountain ranges. [17]
The road leads through the Taghdumbash Pamir to the Karakoram Highway 80 kilometres (50 mi) away. The valley to the east of Wakhjir Pass on the Chinese side is the Chalachigu Valley . It is entirely closed to visitors; however, local residents and herders from the area are permitted access.
A southern route led up the valley of the Wakhan River to the Wakhjir Pass to China. This pass is closed for at least five months a year and is only open irregularly for the remainder. [22] A central route branched off the southern route through the Little Pamir to the Murghab River valley.
During the 20th century, the Soviet modernity project to establish roads connections in the Pamir led to the communities becoming part of a transit district between Osh, Khorog and Dushanbe. [55] Nowadays, the routes Khorog–Osh and Khorog–Dushanbe are both segments of the Pamir Highway.
This road links Mazar-i-Sharif across the Amu Darya river, to Termiz. The Pamir Highway or the M41 is an extremely important highway of Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan, which connects Termiz to Kara Balta to the west of Bishkek and links with the M39 highway twice at both cities.
Pamir Highway Route Chinese workers build a bridge on the road between Dushanbe and Khujand, 2007. The total length of roads in the country is 27,800 kilometers, nearly all of which were built before 1991. Automobiles account for more than 90% of the total volume of passenger transportation and more than 80% of domestic freight transportation. [5]
Khorog is situated along the Pamir Highway at the point where it leaves the Panj valley and heads east up the Ghunt valley. The Pamir highway is the main road in Gorno-Badakhshan and connects the Tajik capital of Dushanbe toward the west to the Republic of Kyrgyzstan to the northeast.