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[7] Before the evolutionary development of the brain, nerve nets, the simplest form of a nervous system developed. These nerve nets were a sort of precursor for the more evolutionarily advanced brains. They were first observed in Cnidaria and consist of a number of neurons spread apart that allow the organism to respond to physical contact ...
Cortical white matter increases from childhood (~9 years) to adolescence (~14 years), most notably in the frontal and parietal cortices. [8] Cortical grey matter development peaks at ~12 years of age in the frontal and parietal cortices, and 14–16 years in the temporal lobes (with the superior temporal cortex being last to mature), peaking at about roughly the same age in both sexes ...
The time-lapse animation compresses 15 years of brain development (ages 5-20) into just a few seconds. Red indicates more gray matter, blue less gray matter. The changes in color from yellow/red to blue show the pruning process (source: NIMH). Mental age is a concept related to intelligence. It looks at how a specific individual, at a specific ...
Brain areas that undergo significant post-natal development, such as those involved in memory and emotion are more vulnerable to effects of early life stress. [ 58 ] [ 64 ] For example, the hippocampus continues to develop after birth and is a structure that is affected by childhood maltreatment. [ 64 ]
Two species are described in the literature: A. ramidus, which lived about 4.4 million years ago [32] during the early Pliocene, and A. kadabba, dated to approximately 5.6 million years ago [33] (late Miocene). A. ramidus had a small brain, measuring between 300 and 350 cm 3.
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The development of the cerebral cortex, known as corticogenesis is the process during which the cerebral cortex of the brain is formed as part of the development of the nervous system of mammals including its development in humans. The cortex is the outer layer of the brain and is composed of up to six layers.
All bilateria are thought to have descended from a common wormlike ancestor that appeared in the Cryogenian period, 700–650 million years ago. [18] The fundamental bilaterian body form is a tube with a hollow gut cavity running from mouth to anus, and a nerve cord with an especially large ganglion at the front, called the "brain".