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Ethanol (also called ethyl alcohol, grain alcohol, drinking alcohol, or simply alcohol) is an organic compound with the chemical formula CH 3 CH 2 OH. It is an alcohol, with its formula also written as C 2 H 5 OH, C 2 H 6 O or EtOH, where Et stands for ethyl. Ethanol is a volatile, flammable, colorless liquid with a characteristic wine-like ...
Molecules, by definition, are most often held together with covalent bonds involving single, double, and/or triple bonds, where a "bond" is a shared pair of electrons (the other method of bonding between atoms is called ionic bonding and involves a positive cation and a negative anion).
Skeletal structural formula of Vitamin B 12.Many organic molecules are too complicated to be specified by a molecular formula.. The structural formula of a chemical compound is a graphic representation of the molecular structure (determined by structural chemistry methods), showing how the atoms are possibly arranged in the real three-dimensional space.
The reaction of unsaturated organic compounds with hydrogen gas is called hydrogenation. The reaction of saturated organic compounds with hydrogen gas is called hydrogenolysis. Hydrogenolyses necessarily cleaves C-X bonds (X = C, O, N, etc.). Reductions can also be effected by adding hydride and proton sources, the so-called heterolytic pathway.
A cycloalkyl group is derived from a cycloalkane by removal of a hydrogen atom from a ring and has the general formula −C n H 2n−1. [2] Typically an alkyl is a part of a larger molecule. In structural formulae , the symbol R is used to designate a generic (unspecified) alkyl group.
4 HCrO 4 − + 3 RCH 2 OH + 16 H + + 11 H 2 O → 4 [Cr(H 2 O) 6] 3+ + 3 RCOOH. The inorganic products are green, characteristic of chromium(III) aquo complexes. [2] Like many other oxidations of alcohols by metal oxides, the reaction proceeds via the formation of a mixed chromate ester: [3] [4] These esters have the formula CrO 3 (OCH 2 R) −
Ethanethiol, commonly known as ethyl mercaptan, is an organosulfur compound with the formula CH 3 CH 2 SH. [5] It is a colorless liquid with a distinct odor. Abbreviated EtSH, it consists of an ethyl group (Et), CH 3 CH 2, attached to a thiol group, SH. Its structure parallels that of ethanol, but with sulfur in place of oxygen. The odor of ...
Reactions often consist of a sequence of individual sub-steps, the so-called elementary reactions, and the information on the precise course of action is part of the reaction mechanism. Chemical reactions are described with chemical equations , which symbolically present the starting materials, end products, and sometimes intermediate products ...