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Ants (family Formicidae in the order Hymenoptera) are the most species-rich of all social insects, with more than 12,000 described species and many others awaiting description. [1] Formicidae is divided into 21 subfamilies , of which 17 are extant and four subfamilies are extinct , described from fossils .
An ant's head contains many sensory organs. Like most insects, ants have compound eyes made from numerous tiny lenses attached together. Ant eyes are good for acute movement detection, but do not offer a high resolution image. They also have three small ocelli (simple eyes) on the top of the head that detect light levels and polarization. [43]
Ants have colonised almost every landmass on Earth. Their population is estimated as between 10 16 –10 17 (10-100 quadrillion). [29] With an estimated 20 quadrillion ants their biomass comes to 12 megatons of dry carbon, which is more than all wild birds and non-human mammals combined. [30] [31] [32]
Attines, particularly the workers that cut leaves and grass, have large mandibles powered by strong muscles. On average, 50% of worker ants' head mass and 25% of their full body mass is the mandibular muscles alone. [30] Different sizes of Atta insularis workers demonstrating the common polymorphism of higher attines
Globally, averages of these predictions estimate there are around 1.5 million beetle species and 5.5 million insect species, with around 1 million insect species currently found and described. [3] Between 950,000–1,000,000 of all described animal species are considered insects, so over 50% of all described eukaryotes (1.8 million species) are ...
Hu’s research team found in similar experiments, published in Biology Open in February 2022, that rafting ants consumed almost 43 percent more energy than ants on dry land. But the larger the ...
The Saharan silver ant (Cataglyphis bombycina) is a species of insect that lives in the Sahara Desert. It is the fastest of the world’s 12,000 known ant species, clocking a velocity of 855 millimetres per second (over 1.9 miles per hour or 3.1 kilometres per hour).
Carpenter ants (Camponotus spp.) are large ants (workers 7 to 13 mm or 1 ⁄ 4 to 1 ⁄ 2 in) indigenous to many forested parts of the world. [ 4 ] They build nests inside wood, consisting of galleries chewed out with their mandibles or jaws, preferably in dead, damp wood.