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The English language has borrowed many words from other cultures or languages. For examples, see Lists of English words by country or language of origin and Anglicisation. Some English loanwords remain relatively faithful to the original phonology even though a particular phoneme might not exist or have contrastive status in English.
A calque / k æ l k / or loan translation is a word or phrase borrowed from another language by literal, word-for-word (Latin: "verbum pro verbo") translation. This list contains examples of calques in various languages.
Reanalysis of loan words can affect their spelling, pronunciation, or meaning. The word cockroach, for example, was borrowed from Spanish cucaracha but was assimilated to the existing English words cock and roach. [18] The phrase forlorn hope originally meant "storming party, body of skirmishers" [19] from Dutch verloren hoop "lost troop".
In a survey by Joseph M. Williams in Origins of the English Language it is estimated that about 1% of English words are of Dutch origin. [1] In many cases the loanword has assumed a meaning substantially different from its Dutch forebear. Some English words have been borrowed directly from Dutch.
An example is the Tagalog word libre, which is derived from the Spanish translation of the English word free, although used in Tagalog with the meaning of "without cost or payment" or "free of charge", a usage which would be deemed incorrect in Spanish as the term gratis would be more fitting; Tagalog word libre can also mean free in aspect of ...
Image credits: - Generation X includes people born in the United States between 1965 and 1980. Members of Gen X are the children of the so-called Silent Generation (Americans born from 1928 to ...
This word is shared with British English. Course [18] — Academic degree. Shared with British English partly due to the Spanish word curso and its borrowed form in many Philippine languages. Cutex [10] — Nail polish. Dean's lister [39] — A person awarded a dean's list; Despedida party [7] [5] — A farewell party. The word despedida is a ...
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