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Commiphora myrrha tree, one of the primary trees from which myrrh is harvested. When a wound on a tree penetrates through the bark and into the sapwood, the tree secretes a resin. Myrrh gum, like frankincense, is such a resin. Myrrh is harvested by repeatedly wounding the trees to bleed the gum, which is waxy and coagulates quickly.
The plant's yellow-red flowers are dioecious and are arranged in a panicle inflorescence. [5] [7] The flowers of the common myrrh are very tiny and are oval shaped. The male flowers are only 3-4mm long and flower early. Its smooth, brown fruit is about the same size as the flowers, and is shaped like an egg.
Commiphora is the most species-rich genus of flowering plants in the frankincense and myrrh family, Burseraceae.The genus contains approximately 190 species of shrubs and trees, which are distributed throughout the (sub-) tropical regions of Africa, the western Indian Ocean islands, the Arabian Peninsula, India, and South America.
The Burseraceae are also known as the torchwood family, [2] the frankincense and myrrh family, or simply the incense tree family. The family includes both trees and shrubs ; its species are native to tropical regions of Africa , Asia , Australasia , and the Americas .
[53] Shakespeare makes a subtle reference to Myrrha later when Venus picks a flower: "She crops the stalk, and in the breach appears, Green dropping sap, which she compares to tears." [54] It has been suggested that these plant juices being compared to tears are a parallel to Myrrha's tears being the drops of myrrh exuding from the myrrh tree. [55]
Articles relating to myrrh, a gum-resin extracted from a number of small, thorny tree species of the genus Commiphora. [1] Myrrh resin has been used throughout history as a perfume, incense and medicine. Myrrh mixed with posca or wine was common across ancient cultures, for general pleasure, and as an analgesic
Commiphora wightii, with common names Indian bdellium-tree, [3] gugal, [4] guggal, guggul, [3] gugul, [3] or mukul myrrh tree, is a flowering plant in the family Burseraceae, which produces a fragrant resin called gugal, guggul or gugul, that is used in incense and vedic medicine (or ayurveda). The species is native to western India, from where ...
Myrrhis odorata is a tall herbaceous perennial plant growing to 2 metres (6 + 1 ⁄ 2 ft) tall and 1 m (3 + 1 ⁄ 2 ft) wide. [7] The leaves are fernlike, 2–4-pinnate, finely divided, feathery, up to 50 centimetres (20 in) long, with whitish patches near the rachis. The plant is softly hairy and smells strongly of aniseed when crushed.