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  2. Decentralization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decentralization

    Decentralization has been described as a response to demands for diversity. [6] [39] Efficiency. In business, decentralization leads to a management by results philosophy which focuses on definite objectives to be achieved by unit results. [40]

  3. Decentralized decision-making - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decentralized_decision-making

    Decentralized decision-making, Malone says, tends to create less rigidity and flatter hierarchies in organizations. When upper management delegates decision-making responsibilities, there also exist wider spans of control among managers, creating a more lateral flow of information.

  4. Decentralised system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decentralised_system

    Graphical comparison of a centralised (A) and a decentralised (B) system. A decentralised system in systems theory is a system in which lower level components operate on local information to accomplish global goals.

  5. Holacracy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holacracy

    Holacracy is a method of decentralized management and organizational governance, which claims to distribute authority and decision-making through a holarchy of self-organizing teams rather than being vested in a management hierarchy. [1] [2] Holacracy has been adopted by for-profit and non-profit organizations in several countries. [3]

  6. Economic planning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_planning

    Decentralized economic planning is a planning process that starts at the user-level in a bottom-up flow of information. Decentralized planning often appears as a complement to the idea of socialist self-management , most notably by democratic socialists and libertarian socialists .

  7. Transnational corporation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transnational_corporation

    Transnational corporations share many qualities with multinational corporations, but there is a subtle difference.Multinational corporations consist of a centralized management structure, whereas transnational corporations generally are decentralized, with many bases in various countries where the corporation operates. [1]

  8. Centralisation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centralisation

    Centralisation of authority is the systematic and consistent concentration of authority at a central point or in a person within the organization. This idea was first introduced in the Qin dynasty of China.

  9. Decentralized autonomous organization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decentralized_autonomous...

    A decentralized autonomous organization (DAO), sometimes called a decentralized autonomous corporation (DAC), [a] [1] is an organization managed in whole or in part by decentralized computer program, with voting and finances handled through a blockchain. [2] [3] [4] In general terms, DAOs are member-owned communities without centralized leadership.