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Base runs was primarily designed to provide an accurate model of the run scoring process at the Major League Baseball level, and it accomplishes that goal: in recent seasons, base runs has the lowest RMSE of any of the major run estimation methods. In addition, its accuracy holds up in even the most extreme of circumstances and leagues.
Win Shares is a 2002 book about baseball written by Bill James and Jim Henzler. The book explains how to apply the concept of sabermetrics to assess the impact of player performance in a combination of several areas, including offensive, defensive, and pitching on their team's overall performance.
Extrapolated Runs (XR) is a baseball statistic invented by sabermetrician Jim Furtado to estimate the number of runs a hitter contributes to his team. XR measures essentially the same thing as Bill James' Runs Created, but it is a linear weights formula that assigns a run value to each event, rather than a multiplicative formula like James' creation.
The win probability for a specific situation in baseball (including the inning, number of outs, men on base, and score) is obtained by first finding all the teams that have encountered this situation. Then the winning percentage of these teams in these situations is found. This probability figure is then adjusted for home-field advantage. Thus ...
In the most basic runs created formula: = (+) + where H is hits, BB is base on balls, TB is total bases and AB is at-bats.. This can also be expressed as = = where OBP is on-base percentage, SLG is slugging average, AB is at-bats and TB is total bases, however OBP includes the hit-by-pitch while the previous RC formula does not.
There are a limited number of possible states, and so baseball win probability tools usually have enough data to make an informed estimate. American football win probability estimates often include whether a team is home or away, the down and distance, score difference, time remaining, and field position. American football has many more ...
In addition to head-to-head winning probability, a general formula can be applied to calculate head-to-head probability of outcomes such as batting average in baseball. [ 3 ] Sticking with our batting average example, let p B {\displaystyle p_{B}} be the batter 's batting average (probability of getting a hit), and let p P {\displaystyle p_{P ...
Ground rules are rules applying to the field, objects on and near it, and special situations relating to them, in the game of baseball. Major League Baseball has defined a set of "universal ground rules" that apply to all MLB ballparks; [ 1 ] individual ballparks have the latitude to set ground rules above and beyond the universal ground rules ...