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Persister cells are subpopulations of cells that resist treatment, and become antimicrobial tolerant by changing to a state of dormancy or quiescence. [1] [2] Persister cells in their dormancy do not divide. [3] The tolerance shown in persister cells differs from antimicrobial resistance in that the tolerance is not inherited and is reversible. [4]
The systems of the body most affected by chemotherapy drugs include visual and semantic memory, attention and motor coordination and executive functioning. [9] [10] These effects can impair a chemotherapy patient's ability to understand and make decisions regarding treatment, perform in school or employment and can reduce quality of life. [10]
Cancer treatments are a wide range of treatments available for the many different types of cancer, with each cancer type needing its own specific treatment. [1] Treatments can include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, hormonal therapy, targeted therapy including small-molecule drugs or monoclonal antibodies, [2] and PARP inhibitors such as olaparib. [3]
An example of such adjuvant therapy is the additional treatment [1] usually given after surgery where all detectable disease has been removed, but where there remains a statistical risk of relapse due to the presence of undetected disease. If known disease is left behind following surgery, then further treatment is not technically adjuvant.
Treatment types can be classified into local therapy (surgery and radiotherapy) and systemic treatment (chemo-, endocrine, and targeted therapies). Local therapy is most efficacious in early stage breast cancer, while systemic therapy is generally justified in advanced and metastatic disease, or in diseases with specific phenotypes.
You may have heard of ‘chemo brain;’ some chemo patients describe experiencing memory problems, difficulty concentrating, and a feeling of mental fogginess during or after chemotherapy.”
Treatment of adults with extensive stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) with disease progression on or after platinum-based chemotherapy [2] Iqirvo: Treatment of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) in combination with ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) in adults who have an inadequate response to UDCA, or as monotherapy in people unable to tolerate ...
He listened, nodding his head and looking at my hair, as I explained the situation to him: the tumors on my liver, the surgery, and the six rounds of chemo to come.