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Scots [note 1] is a language variety descended from Early Middle English in the West Germanic language family.Most commonly spoken in the Scottish Lowlands, the Northern Isles of Scotland, and northern Ulster in Ireland (where the local dialect is known as Ulster Scots), it is sometimes called: Lowland Scots, to distinguish it from Scottish Gaelic, the Celtic language that was historically ...
From the 13th century Early Scots spread further into Scotland via the burghs, early urban institutions which were first established by King David I. The growth in prestige of Early Scots in the 14th century, and the complementary decline of French in Scotland, made Scots the prestige language of most of eastern Scotland.
Lowland Scots is still a popular spoken language with over 1.5 million Scots speakers in Scotland. [115] Scots is used by about 30,000 Ulster Scots [116] and is known in official circles as Ullans. In 1993, Ulster Scots was recognised, along with Scots, as a variety of the Scots language by the European Bureau for Lesser-Used Languages. [117]
The Cross of St. Andrew, or Saltire, the national flag of Scotland, which was adopted as a national symbol in the late Middle Ages. Scottish national identity, including Scottish nationalism, are terms referring to the sense of national identity as embodied in the shared and characteristic culture, languages, and traditions [1] of the Scottish people.
Scottish language may refer to: Scots language ( Scots Leid ), a Germanic language spoken in Lowland Scotland and Ulster, native to southeast Scotland Scottish Gaelic ( Gàidhlig ), a Celtic language native to the Scottish Highlands
English is the most widely spoken and de facto official language of the United Kingdom. [13] A number of regional and migrant languages are also spoken. Regional English variant languages include Scots and Ulster Scots, and indigenous Celtic languages include Irish, Scottish Gaelic, and Welsh. There are many non-native languages spoken by ...
By the mid-1300s English in its Scottish form – what eventually came to be called Scots—emerged as the official language of government and law. [18] Scotland's emergent nationalism in the era following the conclusion of the Wars of Scottish Independence was organized around and through Scots as well.
Each of the six nations has its own Celtic language.In Brittany, Ireland, Scotland, and Wales these have been spoken continuously through time, while Cornwall and the Isle of Man have languages that were spoken into modern times but later died as spoken community languages.