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It is also called propositional logic, [2] statement logic, [1] sentential calculus, [3] sentential logic, [4] [1] or sometimes zeroth-order logic. [ b ] [ 6 ] [ 7 ] [ 8 ] Sometimes, it is called first-order propositional logic [ 9 ] to contrast it with System F , but it should not be confused with first-order logic .
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In propositional logic, import-export is a name given to the propositional form of Exportation: (()) (()).This already holds in minimal logic, and thus also in classical logic, where the conditional operator "" is taken as material implication.
A propositional proof system is given as a proof-verification algorithm P(A,x) with two inputs.If P accepts the pair (A,x) we say that x is a P-proof of A.P is required to run in polynomial time, and moreover, it must hold that A has a P-proof if and only if A is a tautology.
Classical propositional calculus is the standard propositional logic. Its intended semantics is bivalent and its main property is that it is strongly complete, otherwise said that whenever a formula semantically follows from a set of premises, it also follows from that set syntactically. Many different equivalent complete axiom systems have ...
In mathematical logic, a Hintikka set is a set of logical formulas whose elements satisfy the following properties: An atom or its conjugate can appear in the set but not both, If a formula in the set has a main operator that is of "conjuctive-type", then its two operands appear in the set,
In propositional logic, atomic formulas are sometimes regarded as zero-place predicates. [1] In a sense, these are nullary (i.e. 0- arity ) predicates. In first-order logic , a predicate forms an atomic formula when applied to an appropriate number of terms .
Ramsey proved that, if is a formula in the Bernays–Schönfinkel class with one free variable, then either {: ()} is finite, or {: ()} is finite. [ 1 ] This class of logic formulas is also sometimes referred as effectively propositional ( EPR ) since it can be effectively translated into propositional logic formulas by a process of grounding ...