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The automatic calculation of particle interaction or decay is part of the computational particle physics branch. It refers to computing tools that help calculating the complex particle interactions as studied in high-energy physics , astroparticle physics and cosmology .
The moving particle semi-implicit (MPS) method is a computational method for the simulation of incompressible free surface flows. It is a macroscopic, deterministic particle method (Lagrangian mesh-free method ) developed by Koshizuka and Oka (1996) .
Smoothed-particle hydrodynamics (SPH) is a computational method used for simulating the mechanics of continuum media, such as solid mechanics and fluid flows. It was developed by Gingold and Monaghan [ 2 ] and Lucy [ 3 ] in 1977, initially for astrophysical problems.
Brownian motion is the random motion of particles suspended in a medium (a liquid or a gas). [2] This motion pattern typically consists of random fluctuations in a particle's position inside a fluid sub-domain, followed by a relocation to another sub-domain. Each relocation is followed by more fluctuations within the new closed volume.
Note the minus sign in the equation, the drag force points in the opposite direction to the relative velocity: drag opposes the motion. Stokes' law makes the following assumptions for the behavior of a particle in a fluid: Laminar flow; No inertial effects (zero Reynolds number) Spherical particles; Homogeneous (uniform in composition) material
One of the imperfections of the original relativistic theory of gravitation was that as a field theory it was not complete; it introduced the independent postulate that the law of motion of a particle is given by the equation of the geodesic. A complete field theory knows only fields and not the concepts of particle and motion.
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The equation of motion for the particle derived above = + + can be rewritten using the definition of the Schwarzschild radius r s as = [] + + (+) which is equivalent to a particle moving in a one-dimensional effective potential = + (+) The first two terms are well-known classical energies, the first being the attractive Newtonian gravitational ...