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Flux-cored arc welding (FCAW or FCA) is a semi-automatic or automatic arc welding process. FCAW requires a continuously-fed consumable tubular electrode containing a flux and a constant- voltage or, less commonly, a constant- current welding power supply .
Shielded metal arc welding (SMAW), also known as manual metal arc welding (MMA or MMAW), flux shielded arc welding [1] or informally as stick welding, is a manual arc welding process that uses a consumable electrode covered with a flux to lay the weld.
The melted flux covers the molten metal in the weld zone. Flux materials are chosen so that the density of the melted flux / slag is lower than that of the metal being welded, so that the flux floats to the very top of the weld puddle and leaves pure or nearly pure metal to solidify below.
The process is normally limited to the flat or horizontal-fillet welding positions [2] (although horizontal groove position welds have been done with a special arrangement to support the flux). Deposition rates approaching 45 kg/h (100 lb/h) have been reported — this compares to ~5 kg/h (10 lb/h) (max) for shielded metal arc welding .
Carbon Arc Welding (181) CAW Carbon electrode, historical Copper, repair (limited) Flux Cored Arc Welding: 136 138: FCAW FCAW-S Continuous consumable electrode filled with flux Industry, construction Gas Metal Arc Welding [3] 131 135: GMAW Continuous consumable electrode and shielding gas: Industry Gas Tungsten Arc Welding [4] 141: GTAW
Gas metal arc welding Man welding a metal structure in a newly constructed house in Bengaluru, India. Arc welding is a welding process that is used to join metal to metal by using electricity to create enough heat to melt metal, and the melted metals, when cool, result in a joining of the metals.
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A chamber designed to contain welding fumes for analysis A video describing research on welding helmets and their ability to limit fume exposure. Welders are often exposed to dangerous gases and particulate matter. Processes like flux-cored arc welding and shielded metal arc welding produce smoke containing particles of various types of oxides.