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  2. Anderson's theory of faulting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anderson's_Theory_of_Faulting

    This regime dominated by normal dip-slip faults. A vertical σ₃ is classified as a thrust regime. These are dominated by reverse dip-slip faults with σ₁ once again parallel to motion. The third regime is characterized by a vertical σ₂ and dominated by both left lateral and right lateral strike-slip faults. [2] Observed normal fault dip ...

  3. Fault (geology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fault_(geology)

    These terms are important for distinguishing different dip-slip fault types: reverse faults and normal faults. In a reverse fault, the hanging wall displaces upward, while in a normal fault the hanging wall displaces downward. Distinguishing between these two fault types is important for determining the stress regime of the fault movement.

  4. Fault trace - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fault_trace

    In nature, linear features are uncommon and can help identify geologic features like faults because of their linear fault traces. [2] Dip separation can also occur when motion of the fault is perpendicular to the fault trace. That is, the fault blocks are pulled away from each other or pushed towards each other. This is known as a dip-slip ...

  5. Glossary of geology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_geology

    Also called a thrust fault. Dip-slip faults can be sub-classified into the types "reverse" and "normal". A reverse fault occurs when the crust is compressed such that the hanging wall moves upward relative to the footwall.

  6. Transtension - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transtension

    It is unlikely that a deforming body will experience 'pure' extension or 'pure' strike-slip. Transtensional shear zones are characterized by the co-existence of different structures, related to both strike-slip shear and extension. End member structures include pure strike-slip faults and purely extensional ("normal") dip-slip faults. Faults ...

  7. Fold (geology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fold_(geology)

    Flexural slip allows folding by creating layer-parallel slip between the layers of the folded strata, which, altogether, result in deformation. A good analogy is bending a phone book, where volume preservation is accommodated by slip between the pages of the book. The fold formed by the compression of competent rock beds is called "flexure fold".

  8. Detachment fault - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Detachment_fault

    A detachment fault is a gently dipping normal fault associated with large-scale extensional tectonics. [1] Detachment faults often have very large displacements (tens of km) and juxtapose unmetamorphosed hanging walls against medium to high-grade metamorphic footwalls that are called metamorphic core complexes .

  9. Rake (geology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rake_(geology)

    Rake is used to describe the direction of fault motion with respect to the strike (measured anticlockwise from the horizontal, up is positive; values between −180° and 180°): left-lateral strike slip: rake near 0° right-lateral strike slip: rake near 180° normal: rake near −90° reverse/thrust: rake near +90°