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The tetrad is the four spores produced after meiosis of a yeast or other Ascomycota, Chlamydomonas or other alga, or a plant. After parent haploids mate, they produce diploids. Under appropriate environmental conditions, diploids sporulate and undergo meiosis. The meiotic products, spores, remain packaged in the parental cell body to produce ...
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 26 January 2025. Cell division producing haploid gametes For the figure of speech, see Meiosis (figure of speech). For the process whereby cell nuclei divide to produce two copies of themselves, see Mitosis. For excessive constriction of the pupils, see Miosis. For the parasitic infestation, see Myiasis ...
In cellular biology, a bivalent is one pair of chromosomes (homologous chromosomes) in a tetrad. A tetrad is the association of a pair of homologous chromosomes (4 sister chromatids ) physically held together by at least one DNA crossover .
When each tetrad, which is composed of two pairs of sister chromatids, begins to split, the only points of contact are at the chiasmata. The chiasmata become visible during the diplotene stage of prophase I of meiosis, but the actual "crossing-overs" of genetic material are thought to occur during the previous pachytene stage. Sister chromatids ...
Tetrad (astronomy), four total lunar eclipses within two years; Tetrad (chromosomal formation) Tetrad (general relativity), or frame field Tetrad formalism, an approach to general relativity; Tetrad (geometry puzzle), a set of four simply connected disjoint planar regions in the plane; Tetrad (meiosis), the four cells produced by meiotic cell ...
Tetrad Disease Tetralogy of Fallot: pulmonary stenosis, ventricular septal defect, right ventricular hypertrophy, overriding aorta: Tetralogy of Fallot Ménière's disease: vertigo, tinnitus, fluctuating low frequency hearing loss, aural fullness: Ménière's disease zoonotic tetrad: scrub typhus, chiggers, rodents and birds, scrub vegetation
Spiral bacteria are another major bacterial cell morphology. [2] [30] [31] [32] Spiral bacteria can be sub-classified as spirilla, spirochetes, or vibrios based on the number of twists per cell, cell thickness, cell flexibility, and motility. [33] Bacteria are known to evolve specific traits to survive in their ideal environment. [34]
Synapsis during Meiosis. The circled area is the part where synapsis occurs, where the two chromatids meet before crossing over. Synapsis or Syzygy is the pairing of two chromosomes that occurs during meiosis.