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The medulla oblongata or simply medulla is a long stem-like structure which makes up the lower part of the brainstem. [1] It is anterior and partially inferior to the cerebellum . It is a cone-shaped neuronal mass responsible for autonomic (involuntary) functions, ranging from vomiting to sneezing . [ 2 ]
Medulla oblongata. Medullary pyramids; ... Insular cortex; Cingulate cortex. Anterior cingulate; ... "Brain Anatomy and How the Brain Works".
The medulla oblongata, often just referred to as the medulla, is the lower half of the brainstem continuous with the spinal cord. Its upper part is continuous with the pons. [11]: 1121 The medulla contains the cardiac, dorsal and ventral respiratory groups, and vasomotor centres, dealing with heart rate, breathing and blood pressure.
The study of the anatomy of the brain is ... The myelencephalon gives rise to the medulla oblongata. [71] ... mid and anterior insular cortex and lateral ...
The ventral portion of the medulla oblongata contains the medullary pyramids. These two ridge-like structures travel along the length of the medulla oblongata and are bordered medially by the anterior median fissure. They each have an anterolateral sulcus along their lateral borders, where the hypoglossal nerve emerges from.
The lateral corticospinal tract neurons cross the midline at the level of the medulla oblongata, and controls the limbs and digits. [1] [3] The lateral tract forms about 90% of connections in the corticospinal tract; [2] the vast majority cross over in the medulla, while the rest (about 2-3%) remain ipsilateral. The anterior corticospinal tract ...
The anterior corticospinal tract is usually small, varying inversely in size with the lateral corticospinal tract, which is the main part of the corticospinal tract. It lies close to the anterior median fissure , and is present only in the upper part of the spinal cord; gradually diminishing in size as it descends, it ends about the middle of ...
Inferior cerebellar peduncle is a thick rope-like strand that occupies the upper part of the posterior district of the medulla oblongata. The peduncles form the lateral border of the fourth ventricle , and form a distinctive diamond – the middle peduncle forming the central corners of the diamond, while the superior and inferior peduncles ...