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  2. Azygos vein - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azygos_vein

    The azygos vein transports deoxygenated blood from the posterior walls of the thorax and abdomen into the superior vena cava.. It is formed by the union of the ascending lumbar veins with the right subcostal veins at the level of the 12th thoracic vertebra, ascending to the right of the descending aorta and thoracic duct, passing behind the right crus of diaphragm, anterior to the vertebral ...

  3. Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency controversy

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronic_cerebrospinal...

    Zamboni and colleagues claimed that in MS patients diagnosed with CCSVI, the azygos and IJV veins are stenotic (abnormally narrowed) in around 90% of cases. Zamboni theorized that malformed blood vessels cause increased deposition of iron in the brain, which in turn triggers autoimmunity and degeneration of the nerve's myelin sheath.

  4. Cranial venous outflow obstruction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cranial_venous_outflow...

    It is believed to be associated with various factors including anatomical abnormalities, thrombosis, posture, and increased intracranial pressure. [ 3 ] The obstruction can occur in any part of the venous system involved in draining blood from the brain, like vertebral venous system (VVS) or cerebral venous sinus (CVS), but it is most commonly ...

  5. Azygos lobe - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azygos_lobe

    Embryologically, it arises from an anomalous lateral course of the azygos vein, [3] in a pleural septum within the apical segment of the right upper lobe or in other words an azygos lobe is formed when the right posterior cardinal vein, one of the precursors of the azygos vein, fails to migrate over the apex of the lung and penetrates it ...

  6. Ascending lumbar vein - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ascending_lumbar_vein

    the azygos vein (in the case of the right ascending lumbar vein). [1] [2] the hemiazygos vein (in the case of the left ascending lumbar vein). [1] The first and second lumbar veins ends in the ascending lumbar vein(the third and fourth lumbar veins open into the posterior aspect of the inferior vena cava)

  7. Esophageal varices - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esophageal_varices

    Splenectomy can cure the variceal bleeding due to splenic vein thrombosis. [citation needed] Varices can also form in other areas of the body, including the stomach (gastric varices), duodenum (duodenal varices), and rectum (rectal varices). Treatment of these types of varices may differ. In some cases, schistosomiasis also leads to esophageal ...

  8. Donald Trump mocked Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau after his top minister’s surprise resignation following a clash on how to handle the president-elect’s looming tariffs.

  9. Esophageal veins - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esophageal_veins

    The esophageal veins drain blood from the esophagus to the azygos vein, in the thorax, and to the inferior thyroid vein in the neck. It also drains, although with less significance, to the hemiazygos vein, posterior intercostal vein and bronchial veins. [citation needed] In the abdomen, some drain to the left gastric vein which drains into the ...