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  2. Current–voltage characteristic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Current–voltage...

    A current–voltage characteristic or I–V curve (current–voltage curve) is a relationship, typically represented as a chart or graph, between the electric current through a circuit, device, or material, and the corresponding voltage, or potential difference, across it.

  3. U-bit - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U-bit

    In quantum mechanics, the u-bit or ubit is a proposed theoretical entity which arises in attempts to reformulate wave functions using only real numbers instead of the complex numbers conventionally used.

  4. Internal conversion coefficient - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_conversion...

    The Band and Band-Raman calculations assume that the M shell may contribute to internal conversion to a non-negligible extent, and incorporates a general term (called "N+") which takes into account the small effect of any higher shells there may be, while the Rösel calculation works like the Band, but does not assume that all shells contribute ...

  5. Mathematics of three-phase electric power - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematics_of_three-phase...

    The neutral current can be determined by adding the three phase currents together as complex numbers and then converting from rectangular to polar co-ordinates. If the three-phase root mean square (RMS) currents are I L 1 {\displaystyle I_{L1}} , I L 2 {\displaystyle I_{L2}} , and I L 3 {\displaystyle I_{L3}} , the neutral RMS current is:

  6. Instantaneous phase and frequency - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instantaneous_phase_and...

    Instantaneous phase and frequency are important concepts in signal processing that occur in the context of the representation and analysis of time-varying functions. [1] The instantaneous phase (also known as local phase or simply phase ) of a complex-valued function s ( t ), is the real-valued function:

  7. Eddy current - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eddy_current

    The penetration depth for a good conductor can be calculated from the following equation: [5] =, where δ is the penetration depth (m), f is the frequency (Hz), μ is the magnetic permeability of the material (H/m), and σ is the electrical conductivity of the material (S/m).

  8. Bandwidth (signal processing) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bandwidth_(signal_processing)

    The 3 dB bandwidth of an electronic filter or communication channel is the part of the system's frequency response that lies within 3 dB of the response at its peak, which, in the passband filter case, is typically at or near its center frequency, and in the low-pass filter is at or near its cutoff frequency. If the maximum gain is 0 dB, the 3 ...

  9. Graph Fourier transform - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graph_Fourier_transform

    Analogously to the classical Fourier transform, the eigenvalues represent frequencies and eigenvectors form what is known as a graph Fourier basis. The Graph Fourier transform is important in spectral graph theory. It is widely applied in the recent study of graph structured learning algorithms, such as the widely employed convolutional networks.