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The screw pump is the oldest positive displacement pump. [1] The first records of a water screw, or screw pump, date back to Hellenistic Egypt before the 3rd century BC. [1] [3] The Egyptian screw, used to lift water from the Nile, was composed of tubes wound round a cylinder; as the entire unit rotates, water is lifted within the spiral tube to the higher elevation.
Three principal forms exist; In its simplest form (the Archimedes' screw pump or 'water screw'), a single screw rotates in a cylindrical cavity, thereby gravitationally trapping some material on top of a section of the screw as if it was a scoop, and progressively moving the material along the screw's axle until it is discharged at the top.
The Archimedes screw generator consists of a rotor in the shape of an Archimedean screw which rotates in a semicircular trough. Water flows into the screw and its weight presses down onto the blades of the turbine, which in turn forces the turbine to turn. Water flows freely off the end of the screw into the river.
The screw pump is commonly attributed to Archimedes on the occasion of his visit to Egypt, but this tradition may reflect only that the apparatus was unknown to the Greeks before Hellenistic times and introduced in his lifetime by unknown Greek engineers.
The coil pump, as many low lift pumps, is commonly used for irrigation purposes and for drainage of lands. It is currently still used by farmers in Asia. [1] The coil pump was built as an alternative to the Archimedean screw. Unlike the Archimedean screw, it can run horizontally while the Archimedean screw is tilted at about 30°.
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Universal mechanical principle that was discovered and first applied by the engineer Ctesibius in his double-action piston pump, which was later developed further by Heron to a fire hose (see below). [33] Levers: c. 260 BC First described about 260 BC by the ancient Greek mathematician Archimedes. Although used in prehistoric times, they were ...
Records indicate that the water screw, or screw pump, was first used in Ancient Egypt, [10] [11] some time before the Greek philosopher Archimedes described the Archimedes screw water pump around 234 BC. [12] Archimedes wrote the earliest theoretical study of the screw as a machine, [13] and is considered to have introduced the screw in Ancient ...