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Each state is responsible for the redistricting of districts within their state, while several states have one "at-large" division. Redistricting must take place if the number of members changes following a re-apportionment, or may take place at any other time if demographics represented in a district have changed substantially.
Allocation of seats by state, as percentage of overall number of representatives in the House, 1789–2020 census. United States congressional apportionment is the process [1] by which seats in the United States House of Representatives are distributed among the 50 states according to the most recent decennial census mandated by the United States Constitution.
Until 1964, state senators were generally elected from districts that were not necessarily equal in population. In some cases state senate districts were based partly on county lines. In the vast majority of states, the Senate districts provided proportionately greater representation to rural areas. However, in the 1964 decision Reynolds v.
A state's number of electors equals the number of representatives plus two electors for the senators the state has in the United States Congress. [ 118 ] [ 119 ] Each state is entitled to at least one representative, the remaining number of representatives per state is apportioned based on their respective populations, determined every ten ...
The Uniform Congressional District Act (enacted in 1967) requires that representatives be elected from single-member districts. When a state has a single representative, that district will be state-wide. [7] Gerrymandering in the redistricting process has been a problem since the early days of the republic. [8]
Each state has its own constitution and laws surrounding the redistricting process, and most of the modern criteria applied federally have come about through rulings by the U.S. Supreme Court. [25] Prior to 1962, there was limited federal and state government regulation on redistricting, and these were rarely enforced. However, after the Baker v.
An electoral (congressional, legislative, etc.) district, sometimes called a constituency, riding, or ward, is a geographical portion of a political unit, such as (a country, state or province, city, or administrative region, created to provide the voters therein with representation in a legislature or other polity.
Congress can admit more states, but it cannot create a new state from territory of an existing state or merge two or more states into one without the consent of all states involved, and each new state is admitted on an equal footing with the existing states. [7] The United States has control over fourteen territories.