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The Macedonian king took Olynthus in 348 BC and razed the city to the ground. The same fate was inflicted on other cities of the Chalcidian peninsula, resulting in the Chalcidian League dissolving. [24] Macedon and the regions adjoining it having now been securely consolidated, Philip celebrated his Olympic Games at Dium.
The earlier, documented by Herodotus and Thucydides in the fifth century BC, records Perdiccas as the first king of Macedonia. [ 12 ] [ 13 ] The later tradition first emerged around the beginning of the fourth century BC and claimed that Caranus , rather than Perdiccas, was the founder. [ 14 ]
The Macedonian hegemony over Greece was secured by their victory over a Greek coalition army led by Athens and Thebes, at the Battle of Chaeronea in 338 BC. In the aftermath the federation of Greek states known as the League of Corinth was established, which brought these former Greek adversaries and others into a formal alliance with Macedonia.
Macedonia (/ ˌ m æ s ɪ ˈ d oʊ n i ə / ⓘ MASS-ih-DOH-nee-ə; Greek: Μακεδονία, Makedonía), also called Macedon (/ ˈ m æ s ɪ d ɒ n / MASS-ih-don), was an ancient kingdom on the periphery of Archaic and Classical Greece, [7] which later became the dominant state of Hellenistic Greece. [8]
Alexander III of Macedon (Ancient Greek: Ἀλέξανδρος, romanized: Aléxandros; 20/21 July 356 BC – 10/11 June 323 BC), most commonly known as Alexander the Great, was a king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon.
The League was created in order to unify Greek military forces under Macedonian leadership in their combined conquest of the Persian Achaemenid Empire. [5] [6] [7] King Philip was initially urged by Isocrates in 346 BC to unify Greece against the Persians.
The Kingdom of Macedonia (in dark orange) in c. 336 BC, at the end of the reign of Philip II of Macedon; other territories include Macedonian dependent states (light orange), the Molossians of Epirus (light red), Thessaly (desert sand color), the allied League of Corinth (yellow), neutral states of Sparta and Crete, and the western territories of the Achaemenid Empire in Anatolia (violet purple).
Hippolochus (early 3rd century BC) description of a Macedonian wedding feast; Poseidippus of Cassandreia (c. 288 BC) comic poet; Poseidippus of Pella (c. 280 BC–240 BC) epigrammatic poet; Amerias (3rd century BC) lexicographer; Craterus (historian) (3rd century BC) anthologist, compiler of historical documents relative to the history of Attica