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Independent Poland, which had been absent from the map of Europe for 123 years, was reborn. The newly created state initially consisted of former Congress Poland , western Galicia (with Lwów besieged by the Ukrainians ) and part of Cieszyn Silesia .
Historical Dictionary of Poland 1945-1996. Fitzroy Dearborn. ISBN 978-1-135-92694-6. "Poland". Political Chronology of Europe. Europa Publications. 2003. pp. 183– 191. ISBN 978-1-135-35687-3. Harold B. Segel (2003). "Chronology of Major Political Events, 1944-2002: Poland". Columbia Guide to the Literatures of Eastern Europe Since 1945 ...
Independent Poland, which had been absent from the map of Europe for 123 years, was reborn. The newly created state initially consisted of former Privislinsky Krai , western Galicia (with Lwów besieged by the Ukrainians ) and part of Cieszyn Silesia .
Poland is a member of the European Union, NATO, and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Poland currently has a population of over 38 million people, [3] which makes it the 34th most populous country in the world [18] and one of the most populous members of the European Union.
Map of Europe Archived 2015-03-16 at the Wayback Machine at the end of the Gorlice–Tarnów offensive at omniatlas.com; A British observer's account of the Gorlice-Tarnow campaign, 1915; Grand Duke Nikolai on the Battle of Gorlice-Tarnow, 3 June 1915; German Press Statement on the Opening of the Battle of Gorlice-Tarnow, 2 May 1915
The history of Poland spans over a thousand years, from medieval tribes, Christianization and monarchy; through Poland's Golden Age, expansionism and becoming one of the largest European powers; to its collapse and partitions, two world wars, communism, and the restoration of democracy.
The scope of this article begins in 1815, after a round of negotiations about European borders and spheres of influence were agreed upon at the Congress of Vienna. [3] The Congress of Vienna was a nine-month, pan-European meeting of statesmen who met to settle the many issues arising from the destabilising impact of the French Revolutionary Wars, the Napoleonic Wars, and the dissolution of the ...
In 1915 a client state of the German Empire and Austria-Hungary was proposed and accepted by the Central Powers of World War I: the Regency Kingdom of Poland. After the end of World War I, the Central Powers' surrender to the Western Allies , the chaos of the Russian Revolution and the Treaty of Versailles finally allowed and helped the ...