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A binary star or binary star system is a system of two stars that are gravitationally bound to and in orbit around each other. Binary stars in the night sky that are seen as a single object to the naked eye are often resolved as separate stars using a telescope, in which case they are called visual binaries. Many visual binaries have long ...
The most common kinds of binary system are binary stars and binary asteroids, but brown dwarfs, planets, neutron stars, black holes and galaxies can also form binaries. A multiple system is similar but consists of three or more objects, for example trinary stars and trinary asteroids .
If the Solar System were such a binary system, the outer limits of the resulting circumstellar habitable zone could extend as far as 2.4 AU. [80] [81] With regard to spectral types, Zoltán Balog proposes that O-type stars cannot form planets due to the photoevaporation caused by their strong ultraviolet emissions. [82]
Planets in binary star systems may be candidates for supporting extraterrestrial life. [1] Habitability of binary star systems is determined by many factors from a variety of sources. [2] Typical estimates often suggest that 50% or more of all star systems are binary systems. This may be partly due to sample bias, as massive and bright stars ...
Theoretical work by Alan Boss at the Carnegie Institution has shown that gas giants can form around stars in binary systems much as they do around solitary stars. [86] One study of Alpha Centauri, the nearest star system to the Sun, suggested that binaries need not be discounted in the search for habitable planets. Centauri A and B have an 11 ...
Kepler-47 is a binary star system located about 1,055 parsecs (3,440 light-years) away from Earth. [14] The binary system is composed of a G-type main sequence star (Kepler-47A) and a red dwarf star (Kepler-47B). The stars orbit each other around their barycenter, or center of mass between them, completing one full orbit every 7.45 days. [4]
The newly-discovered binary star system, which is home to two stars gravitationally bound to one another, was found in a dense stellar cluster orbiting Sagittarius A*, which has an estimated mass ...
The NASA Exoplanet Archive recognizes Aldebaran as a binary star, with Aldebaran B being the secondary star. [50] A spectral type of M2.5 has been published for Alpha Tauri B. [51] Alpha Tauri CD is a binary system with the C and D component stars gravitationally bound to and co-orbiting each other. These co-orbiting stars have been shown to be ...