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P. multocida causes a range of diseases in wild and domesticated animals, as well as humans. The bacterium is found in birds, cats , dogs, rabbits, cattle, and pigs. In birds, P. multocida causes avian or fowl cholera disease; a significant disease present in commercial and domestic poultry flocks worldwide, particularly layer flocks and parent ...
These diseases are considered caused by P. multocida, alone or associated with other pathogens: Shipping fever in cattle and sheep ("shipping fever" may also be caused by Mannheimia haemolytica , in the absence of P. multocida , [ 5 ] [ 6 ] and M. haemolytica serovar A1 is known as the most common cause of the disease. [ 5 ]
Kennel cough is so named because the infection can spread quickly among dogs in the close quarters of a kennel or animal shelter. Viral and bacterial causes of canine cough are spread through airborne droplets produced by sneezing and coughing. These agents also spread through contact with contaminated surfaces.
Tyzzer's disease is an acute epizootic bacterial disease found in rodents, rabbits, dogs, cats, birds, pandas, deer, foals, cattle, and other mammals including gerbils [1] and spinifex hopping-mice (Notomys alexis). [2] It is caused by the spore-forming bacterium Clostridium piliforme, formerly known as Bacillus piliformis. [3]
Coliform bacteria are defined as either motile or non-motile Gram-negative non-spore forming bacilli that possess β-galactosidase to produce acids and gases under their optimal growth temperature of 35–37 °C. [1] They can be aerobes or facultative aerobes, and are a commonly used indicator of low sanitary quality of foods, milk, and water. [2]
Outbreaks occur in cold and wet weather (in late summer, fall and winter). The outbreaks are often traced back to the presence of rodents in the breeding houses. These are thought to spread the disease from carcasses of dead birds (possibly from neighboring backyards), improperly disposed of.
Dogs are ten times more likely to be infected than humans. The disease in dogs can affect the eyes, brain, lungs, skin, or bones. [15] Histoplasmosis* is a fungal disease caused by Histoplasma capsulatum that affects both dogs and humans. The disease in dogs usually affects the lungs and small intestine. [16]
It is motile at temperatures of 22–29°C (72–84°F), but becomes nonmotile at normal human body temperature. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Y. enterocolitica infection causes the disease yersiniosis , which is an animal-borne disease occurring in humans, as well as in a wide array of animals such as cattle, deer, pigs, and birds.