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Historians and archaeologists agree that the northern Kingdom of Israel existed by ca. 900 BCE [49] [50] and the Kingdom of Judah existed by ca. 850 BCE. [ 51 ] [ 52 ] The Kingdom of Israel was the more prosperous of the two kingdoms and soon developed into a regional power; [ 53 ] during the days of the Omride dynasty , it controlled Samaria ...
The Fascist regime at the time showed racialist attitudes towards the Beta Israel Jews of Ethiopia since they are racially black and the Fascist regime deemed whites to be superior to blacks; and racial laws enacted in Italy also applied to the Beta Israel Jews in Italian East Africa that forbade intimate relationships between blacks and whites.
Today, the descendants of Jews who immigrated to Israel from other Middle Eastern lands (known as Mizrahi Jews and Sephardic Jews) constitute more than half of the total Israeli population. [11] In 2009, only 26 000 Jews remained in Arab countries and Iran, [12] as well as another 26 000 in Turkey. [13]
To them, Israel has no legitimate claim to the land of Israel/Palestine. This flies in the face of facts. For nearly 3,000 years, Jews have lived in Israel/Palestine and throughout the Middle East ...
The labor movement followed a policy of collaboration with the middle classes in order to build the nation and protected the private sector in the Yishuv. [22] After the founding of Mapai, the labor movement became an acceptable party for the capitalists in the World Zionist Organisation, and especially for the left wing of the General Zionists.
According to the Hebrew Bible, a "United Monarchy" consisting of Israel and Judah existed as early as the 11th century BCE, under the reigns of Saul, David, and Solomon; the great kingdom later was separated into two smaller kingdoms: Israel, containing the cities of Shechem and Samaria, in the north, and Judah, containing Jerusalem and Solomon ...
In 1948, following the 1947–1948 civil war in Mandatory Palestine, the Declaration of the Establishment of the State of Israel sparked the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, which resulted in the 1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight from the land that the State of Israel came to control and subsequently led to waves of Jewish immigration from other parts of the Middle East.
By the mid-1970s the vast majority of Jews had left, fled or had been expelled from Arab and Muslim-majority countries, moving primarily to Israel, France and the United States. [30] The reasons for the exodus are varied and disputed. [30] In 1945, there were between 758,000 and 866,000 Jews living in communities throughout the Arab world.