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The Haber process, [1] also called the Haber–Bosch process, is the main industrial procedure for the production of ammonia. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] It converts atmospheric nitrogen (N 2 ) to ammonia (NH 3 ) by a reaction with hydrogen (H 2 ) using finely divided iron metal as a catalyst:
Larger quantities can be detected by warming the salts with a caustic alkali or with quicklime, when the characteristic smell of ammonia will be at once apparent. [46] Ammonia is an irritant and irritation increases with concentration; the permissible exposure limit is 25 ppm, and lethal above 500 ppm by volume. [47]
Two capsules of smelling salts from a first-aid kit. A thin inner glass tube contains alcohol and ammonia; the outer layer is cotton and netting. When crushed, the liquid is released into the cotton, while the glass shards are retained inside. The ammonia-soaked cotton is waved in front of the nose for the treatment of fainting.
Baker's ammonia should be used to create thin dry baked goods like crackers and cookies. This allows the strong ammonia smell to bake out. It should not be used to make moist baked items like cake since ammonia is hydrophilic and will leave a strong bitter taste. Its use as a leavening agent, with associated controversy, goes back centuries:
The Process to make ammonia from coal. Making ammonia from coal is mainly practised in China, where it is the main source. [4] Oxygen from the air separation module is fed to the gasifier to convert coal into synthesis gas (H 2, CO, CO 2) and CH 4. Most gasifiers are based on fluidized beds that operate above atmospheric pressure and have the ...
Ammonia begone. Well, for a month. Mostly. Anyway, PWC on March 1 began its annual water treatment changeover, which means it stopped adding ammonia to its treatment process, according to a news ...
Chemical uses include the production of methanol which is a precursor to acetic acid and many acetates; liquid fuels and lubricants via the Fischer–Tropsch process and previously the Mobil methanol to gasoline process; ammonia via the Haber process, which converts atmospheric nitrogen (N 2) into ammonia which is used as a fertilizer; and oxo ...
Experiencing smelly urine isn't fun, but there are many causes (and treatments!) for foul, sweet or ammonia-like scents you should know about.