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  2. Autosome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autosome

    The DNA in autosomes is collectively known as atDNA or auDNA. [2] For example, humans have a diploid genome that usually contains 22 pairs of autosomes and one allosome pair (46 chromosomes total). The autosome pairs are labeled with numbers (1–22 in humans) roughly in order of their sizes in base pairs, while allosomes are labelled with ...

  3. Sex-determination system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sex-determination_system

    No genes are shared between the avian ZW and mammal XY chromosomes [26] and the chicken Z chromosome is similar to the human autosomal chromosome 9, rather than X or Y. This suggests not that the ZW and XY sex-determination systems share an origin but that the sex chromosomes are derived from autosomal chromosomes of the common ancestor of ...

  4. Sex chromosome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sex_chromosome

    Sex chromosomes evolve from standard pairs of autosomal chromosomes. [27] In a large number of organisms, the sex-determination systems presently observed are products of sex chromosome turnover. Sex chromosome turnover is a process defined as when the type of the sex chromosome changes as a product of a change in the identity of the sex ...

  5. Sex differences in human physiology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sex_differences_in_human...

    The human genome consists of two copies of each of 23 chromosomes (a total of 46). [1] One set of 23 comes from the mother and one set comes from the father. [1] Of these 23 pairs of chromosomes, 22 are autosomes, and one is a sex chromosome. [1]

  6. Chromosome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosome

    Chromosomes in humans can be divided into two types: autosomes (body chromosome(s)) and allosome (sex chromosome(s)). Certain genetic traits are linked to a person's sex and are passed on through the sex chromosomes. The autosomes contain the rest of the genetic hereditary information. All act in the same way during cell division.

  7. Human genome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_genome

    It consists of 22 autosomes plus one copy of the X chromosome and one copy of the Y chromosome. It contains approximately 3.1 billion base pairs (3.1 Gb or 3.1 x 10 9 bp). [ 6 ] This represents the size of a composite genome based on data from multiple individuals but it is a good indication of the typical amount of DNA in a haploid set of ...

  8. Sex linkage - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sex_linkage

    These are characters only expressed in one sex. They may be caused by genes on either autosomal or sex chromosomes. [6] Examples: female sterility in Drosophila; and many polymorphic characters in insects, especially in relation to mimicry. Closely linked genes on autosomes called "supergenes" are often responsible for the latter. [7] [8] [9]

  9. Genealogical DNA test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genealogical_DNA_test

    The autosomes (chromosome pairs 1–22) are inherited from both parents and all recent ancestors. The X-chromosome follows a special inheritance pattern, because females (XX) inherit an X-chromosome from each of their parents, while males (XY) inherit an X-chromosome from their mother and a Y-chromosome from their father (XY).

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